Age, Food, and Migration of Dolly Varden Smolts in Southeastern Alaska

Armstrong, Robert H.

doi:10.1139/f70-116

Cited by 18 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…However, there is no overall or age-related pattern in sex ratios of anadromous brook trout from Richmond Gulf (Dutil & Power, 1980). Alaskan Dolly Varden migrating downstream were 52-53% female, but 200 of 309 (65%) returning spawners were female (Armstrong, 1970(Armstrong, , 1974.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Experimental sea ranching of brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis Mitchill

Whoriskey¹,

Naiman²,

Montgomery³

1981

Journal of Fish Biology

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An experiment to induce anadromy in a population of wild brook trout, Sa1velinu.s .finiinalis, was conducted near Sept-Iles, Quebec, in 19784979. Brook trout were captured from the Matamek River, tagged and transported to the Matamek River estuary during late spring and early summer, and allowed free movement between an impassable waterfall 0.7 km upstream and the sea. Fish were recaptured in autumn as they returned to fresh water. Over two years, 34.0% of the released fish were recaptured. Best returns were in the 2+ and 3+ age classes with 38.0 and 62.1% recaptured, respectively. Straying of transplanted fish appeared to be < 1%. All age classes included sea run brook trout (sea trout) but the largest percentages of sea trout occurred in older fish. Growth was better in sea trout than in fish which did not develop anadromy, presumably a function of an increased food supply at sea. Severe tagging effects stunted growth and probably suppressed anadromy, especially among younger fish. Sexual characteristics of recaptured fish indicated suppressed maturation of gonads in sea trout compared to fish remaining in fresh water and there was a shift to a larger percentage of females in the sea trout. Comparisons between our results and data on other anadromous Salvelinus species underscore the potential for searanching of trout and char as a moderate effort, high yield aquaculture technique.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Experimental sea ranching of brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis Mitchill

Whoriskey¹,

Naiman²,

Montgomery³

1981

Journal of Fish Biology

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“…Many anadromous Dolly Varden originating from a basin with a lake home, spawn in the natal river, and overwinter in that lake, whereas many of those originating from basins without lakes home to their natal river to spawn but then leave and find a lake in a non-natal basin to overwinter (Armstrong, 1970(Armstrong, , 1974(Armstrong, , 1984Bernard, Hepler, Jones, Whalen, & McBride, 1995).…”

Section: Rearing Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliance on lakes by salmon, trout and charr (Oncorhynchus,SalmoandSalvelinus): An evaluation of spawning habitats, rearing strategies and trophic polymorphisms

Arostegui

Quinn

2019

Fish and Fisheries

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Salmonid fishes may reside within or migrate between stream and lake habitats, or undergo anadromous migrations between freshwater and the ocean. While the degree of anadromy of salmonids has been thoroughly compared, no analogous review has examined the degree of lake use. To assess the extent of reliance on lake habitat in this family, we considered 16 species of salmon, trout and charr from the genera Oncorhynchus, Salmo and Salvelinus, comparing their (a) use of lakes as spawning habitat, (b) rearing strategies in lakes, and (c) occurrence and diversity of lacustrine trophic polymorphism. In identifying the primary life‐history patterns of each species and exploring the lesser‐known lacustrine behaviours, we found that the extent of reliance on lakes exhibits a negative association with the degree of anadromy. Oncorhynchus rely least on lakes, Salmo to an intermediate level and Salvelinus the most, opposite of the general prevalence of anadromy among these genera. Lakes are critical to adfluvial and lake‐resident salmonids, but they also support anadromous and fluvial life histories by providing spawning, rearing, overwintering and/or summer refuge habitat. Adfluviality, although a non‐anadromous life history, consists of similar migration‐related traits and behaviours as anadromy, including the parr–smolt transformation, sex‐biased patterns of migration and residency, and the presence of precocious males. Lakes support life‐history variants, reproductive ecotypes and trophic morphs unique to lacustrine habitat. Therefore, conservation of salmonids is dependent on maintaining the diversity and quality of their habitats, including lakes.

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“…Of these downstream migrants, 23 percent belonged to Age Group III, but only an insignificant number to Age Groups II and V. Continuous monitoring below each trap indicated movement of Age Group II fish was local and was not a seaward descent. Armstrong (1970) also reported a predominance of Dolly Varden of the Age Groups III and IV migrating from Hood Bay Creek and Eva Lake in southeast Alaska.…”

Section: Fishes Dolly Vardenmentioning

confidence: 90%