Age at menopause as a risk factor for cardiovascular mortality

Schouw, Yvonne T. van der; Graaf, Y. van der; Steyerberg, Ewout W.; Eijkemans, Marinus J.C.; Banga, Jan‐Dirk

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(96)90075-6

Cited by 528 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…An association between hysterectomy and early menopause has been reported [10], and the mechanism is thought to be reduced ovarian blood supply after hysterectomy. Early natural menopause is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases [11], and the pathogenic factor is considered to be a longer exposure to cardiovascular risk factors without the protective actions of estrogens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A Dutch study examining age at menopause and risk of cardiovascular diseases showed that early natural menopause was an independent risk factor for cardiovascular mortality, whereas age at menopause had no significant effect on cardiovascular mortality in women who had undergone hysterectomy [10]. Based on cross-sectional data from the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) Study, Hsia et al [11] studied 1,501 women at a mean age of 62 years who reported to ever have had hysterectomy with or without oophorectomy and compared them to controls without such surgery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Early menopause is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality [10]. A possible association between hysterectomy and cardiovascular disease could therefore be explained by earlier menopause after hysterectomy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Association between Hysterectomy with Ovarian Preservation and Cardiovascular Disease in a Norwegian Population-Based Sample

Michelsen

Dørum

Cvancarova

et al. 2012

Gynecol Obstet Invest

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Background/Aims: Some previous studies have reported that hysterectomy predicts increased prevalence of cardiovascular diseases, but the findings are disputed. We aimed to examine associations between hysterectomy and cardiovascular disease in a Norwegian cross-sectional health study. Methods: The data were obtained from the population-based cross-sectional Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (The HUNT-2 Study). Of 46,709 invited females, 35,280 (76%) participated; 939 (3%) reported hysterectomy without oophorectomy (exposed women). Each exposed woman was age-matched with four randomly chosen women (n = 3,756) without hysterectomy or oophorectomy. Oophorectomy and hysterectomy status was self-reported by the women. Hazard ratio for cardiovascular diseases was calculated by Cox regression analyses with hysterectomy as a time-dependent covariate. Results: Median time since hysterectomy was 14 years (range 0–56 years). We calculated a significantly larger cumulative probability of cardiovascular diseases after hysterectomy with a hazard ratio of 1.92, 95% CI (1.51–2.38) after adjustments for cardiovascular risk factors (diabetes, age, use of hormonal replacement therapy and positive family history of myocardial infarction). Conclusion: Women had a significantly increased risk of cardiovascular diseases after hysterectomy compared to age-matched controls. Studies with longitudinal design and confirmed medical outcome data are needed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association between Hysterectomy with Ovarian Preservation and Cardiovascular Disease in a Norwegian Population-Based Sample

Michelsen

Dørum

Cvancarova

et al. 2012

Gynecol Obstet Invest

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“…Risk factors include hypertension, insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia and oestrogen deficiency. Premenopausal women are relatively protected from cardiovascular disease, and premature ovarian failure increases cardiovascular mortality [84], presumably due to oestrogen deficiency. The effect of HRT on cardiovascular outcomes in postmenopausal women remains controversial, particularly in the light of recently published evidence from the Women’s Health Initiative and HERS II [85, 86].…”

Section: Clinical Manifestations Of Turner Syndrome In Adultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adulthood in Women with Turner Syndrome

Ostberg

Conway²

2003

Horm Res Paediatr

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Turner syndrome, resulting from a complete or partial absence of one X chromosome, is the most commonly occurring chromosomal abnormality in females. Patients have traditionally been carefully followed in paediatric practice during childhood, but were often discharged to primary care on reaching adulthood. Adults with Turner syndrome are thought to have a reduced life expectancy, mainly due to excess cardiovascular risk, but they may also have multiple comorbidities including hypothyroidism, deafness, osteoporosis and the attendant problems of oestrogen deficiency and infertility. A multidisciplinary approach to focused adult care is needed, with consideration of how to optimise surveillance strategies in these women.

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“…A number of studies have demonstrated that arterial compliance declined rapidly in hypertensive women during the perimenopausal period in a manner proportional to the decrease in endogenous level of estrogen [7, 8]. Consistent with the above findings, epidemiological studies suggest that menopause is a risk factor for CVD in women [27,28,29]. This effect is believed to be caused in part by the loss of estrogen which has multiple protective effects on the vascular system [30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Increased Arterial Stiffness in Elderly Female Diabetic Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

Cheng²,

Zeng³

et al. 2008

Am J Nephrol

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Background: Arterial stiffness is a major risk factor for cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease. It has been reported that female and elderly diabetes mellitus (DM) patients treated with peritoneal dialysis (PD) had a higher risk of death. However, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. The present study tried to investigate whether older female DM patients have increased arterial stiffness. Methods: One hundred and eighty-one continuous ambulatory PD patients in a single center were enrolled. On enrollment, demographic data were collected. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocities (PWV) were checked at the same time. Results: As expected, age had a significant impact on PWV both in DM and non-DM patients. There was no significant difference in PWV between male and female patients under the age of 50. No significant difference in PWV was found between male and female non-DM patients over the age of 50. However, the comparison of PWV reached statistical significance between male and female DM patients over the age of 50 (12.44 ± 1.83 m/s vs. 13.56 ± 1.86 m/s, p < 0.05). Conclusions: Our study showed that female DM patients over the age of 50 had the highest PWV as compared to other patient groups. Increased arterial stiffness might have contributed to the worst outcome of this population on PD treatment.

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Age at menopause as a risk factor for cardiovascular mortality

Abstract: SummaryBackground Although an association of occurrence of menopause and subsequent oestrogen deficiency with increased cardiovascular disease has been postulated, studies on this association have not shown convincing results. We investigated whether age at menopause is

Cited by 528 publications

References 29 publications

Association between Hysterectomy with Ovarian Preservation and Cardiovascular Disease in a Norwegian Population-Based Sample

Association between Hysterectomy with Ovarian Preservation and Cardiovascular Disease in a Norwegian Population-Based Sample

Adulthood in Women with Turner Syndrome

Increased Arterial Stiffness in Elderly Female Diabetic Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

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