Age assessment based on dental calcification in individuals with Down syndrome

The role of cervical vertebrae maturation in defining the chronological age of Down syndrome children

“…Within this study, the chronological age of subjects was calculated from differences between radiographic exposure and date of birth, such as in the study conducted by Leonelli de Moraes et al 18 The research sample consisted of a Down syndrome children group and control group of children in the 6-14 years age range. This age-based retrieval is based on the cervical vertebrae ossification process commencing when the fetus is in the womb and continuing until childhood.…”

“…The growth of individuals suffering from the condition is delayed in almost every aspect, including the development of teeth. [16][17][18][19] de Moraes et al 20 studied the chronology of dental mineralization in Down syndrome children and found the dental age of two-thirds of subjects of either gender to be generally more advanced, while that of one-third was delayed, meaning that the majority of patients had normal development. Other studies by de Moraes et al 18 into the chronological analysis of mineralization using Nolla's method concluded that the dental age of Down syndrome individuals is similar to that in normal individuals.…”

Dental Age Estimation based on Development Dental Atlas Assessment in a Child/Adolescent Population with Systemic Diseases

“…The difficulty arises when it comes to individuals with special needs, be it due to a syndrome or other conditions which may modify the expected dental development (18,19). Chromosomal disorders and syndromes arising from numerical and structural defects of chromosomes often include manifestations affecting the craniofacial region, and many of these chromosomal and multifactorial disorders have characteristic oral manifestations, such as multiple ageneses and a late eruption of the deciduous dentition and permanent dentition (6,18,20,21,22). The prevalence of births with chromosomal anomalies was 34.8 cases/10000 births, Down's syndrome being the group of congenital anomalies with a higher prevalence (19.6 cases/10000 births) (23,24).…”

“…Poteškoće se pojavljuju kod pojedinaca s posebnim potrebama, bilo da je riječ o sindromu ili drugim stanjima koja mogu izmijeniti očekivani dentalni razvoj (18,19). Kromosomski poremećaji i sindromi nastali zbog numeričkih i strukturnih oštećenja kromosoma često obuhvaćaju manifestacije koje utječu na kraniofacijalnu regiju, a mnogi od kromosomskih i multifaktorskih poremećaja imaju karakteristične oralne manifestacije poput multiple ageneze i kasne erupcije mliječnih i trajnih zuba (6,18,20,21,22). Prevalencija osoba rođenih s kromosomskim anomalijama iznosila je 34,8 slučajeva na 10 000 rođenja, a Downov sindrom skupina je urođenih anomalija s većom prevalencijom (19,6 slučajeva na 10 000 rođenja) (23,24).…”

Comparison of accuracy between dental and skeletal age in the estimation of chronological age of Down syndrome individuals

“…DS is the most common congenital mental disability [7,23] and it occurs in approximately one in every 700 births. There are more than 5.8 million individuals in the world with DS [3]. These individuals present signs and symptoms that characterize a delay in the development of the motor and mental functions of its carriers, entailing mental and general alterations that may lead to different results if the same criterion is used to evaluate their CA [24].…”