Age and Racial Distribution of
Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia

Sakr, Wael; Grignon, David J.; Haas, Gabriel P.; Heilbrun, Lance K.; Pontes, J. Edson; Crissman, John D.

doi:10.1159/000474163

Cited by 228 publications

(139 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…For example, African-American men have a greater prevalence of high-grade PIN than Caucasians in the 50-60-year-old age group, the decade preceding the manifestation of most clinically detected prostate cancers. 21,[35][36][37] African-American men also have the highest incidence of prostate cancer (about 50% more than Caucasians). 21,35,36,38,39 In contrast, Japanese men living in Osaka, Japan, have a significantly lower incidence of high-grade PIN compared to men residing in the United States, and Asians have the lowest clinically detected rate of prostate cancer.…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Pinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…21,[35][36][37] African-American men also have the highest incidence of prostate cancer (about 50% more than Caucasians). 21,35,36,38,39 In contrast, Japanese men living in Osaka, Japan, have a significantly lower incidence of high-grade PIN compared to men residing in the United States, and Asians have the lowest clinically detected rate of prostate cancer. 40,41 Interestingly, Japanese men diagnosed with high-grade PIN also had an increased likelihood of developing prostate cancer, suggesting that high-grade PIN is a precursor of clinical prostate cancer in Asian men too.…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Pinmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…35,40 The causal association of high-grade PIN with prostatic adenocarcinoma is based on the fact that the prevalence of both high-grade PIN and prostate cancer increases with patient age and that highgrade PIN precedes the onset of prostate cancer by less than one decade (Table 1). 33,35,36,43 The severity and frequency of high-grade PIN in prostates with cancer is greatly increased (73% of 731 specimens) when compared to prostates without cancer (32% of 876 specimens). 31,[44][45][46] When high-grade PIN is found on sextant needle biopsy, there is a 50% risk of finding carcinoma on subsequent biopsies over 3 years, 23 although this risk is lower when more than six cores are obtained.…”

Section: Epidemiology Of Pinmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia

2004

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High-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) is now accepted as the most likely preinvasive stage of adenocarcinoma, almost two decades after its first formal description. PIN has a high predictive value as a marker for adenocarcinoma, and its identification warrants repeat biopsy for concurrent or subsequent invasive carcinoma. The only method of detection is biopsy; PIN does not significantly elevate serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) concentration or its derivatives and cannot be detected by current imaging techniques, including ultrasound. Most patients with PIN will develop carcinoma within 10 years. PIN is associated with progressive abnormalities of phenotype and genotype, which are similar to cancer rather than normal prostatic epithelium, indicating impairment of cell differentiation with advancing stages of prostatic carcinogenesis. Androgen deprivation therapy decreases the prevalence and extent of PIN, suggesting that this form of treatment may play a role in chemoprevention.

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Section: Epidemiology Of Pinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Epidemiology Of Pinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Epidemiology Of Pinmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia

2004

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“…It is characterized by a proliferation of secretory prostatic epithelial cells that have malignant morphology, with a discontinuous basal cell layer and absence of demonstrable invasion. HPIN and CaP frequently coexist and tend to be multifocal (Sakr et al, 1993(Sakr et al, , 1996Bastacky et al, 1995;EmmertBuck et al, 1995;Bostwick et al, 1998;Sakr and Grignon, 1998). The incidence of HPIN increases with age and is more frequently observed in men at higher risk for developing CaP such as African-Americans (Muir et al, 1991;Sakr et al, 1995Sakr et al, , 1996.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of multifocality of telomere erosion in high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HPIN) and concurrent carcinoma

et al. 2003

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Mechanisms underlying prostate cancer (CaP) initiation and progression are poorly understood. A chromosomal instability mechanism leading to the generation of numerical and structural chromosomal changes has been implicated in the preneoplastic and neoplastic stages of CaP. Telomere dysfunction is one potential mechanism associated with the onset of such instability. To determine whether there was alteration in telomere length and chromosome number, 15 paraffin-embedded prostatectomy specimens were investigated using quantitative peptide nucleic acid (PNA) FISH analysis of representative foci of carcinoma, putative precancerous lesions (high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, HPIN) and nondysplastic prostate epithelium. A significant decrease in telomere length was shown in both HPIN and CaP in comparison with normal epithelium. In addition, elevated rates of aneusomy suggested that increased levels of chromosomal aberrations were associated with decreased telomere length. Moreover, multiple foci of HPIN were shown to have a heterogeneous overall reduction of telomere length. This reduction was more evident in the histologic regions of the prostate containing CaP. Such observations lend support to the hypothesis that telomere erosion may be a consistent feature of CaP oncogenesis and may also be associated with the generation of chromosomal instability that characterizes this malignancy.

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“…The old medical dogma stated that men do not die of prostate cancer, but with it. This was based on post-mortem observations that many men who have died from other causes harboured evidence of undiagnosed cancer in their prostate gland [1]. It was thought that prostate cancer occurs naturally as men age, and does not impact on their longevity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prostate Cancer: Do We Always have to Treat for Cure?

Lim¹

2013

J Palliative Care Med

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Age and Racial Distribution of Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia

Cited by 228 publications

References 16 publications

High-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia

High-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia

Evidence of multifocality of telomere erosion in high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HPIN) and concurrent carcinoma

Prostate Cancer: Do We Always have to Treat for Cure?

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