Age- and Lifespan-Dependent Differences in GO Caused DNA Damage in Acheta domesticus

Abstract

The rising applicability of graphene oxide (GO) should be preceded by detailed tests confirming its safety and lack of toxicity. Sensitivity to GO of immature, or with different survival strategy, individuals has not been studied so far. Therefore, in the present research, we focused on the GO genotoxic effects, examining selected parameters of DNA damage (total DNA damage, double-strand breaks—DSB, 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine-8-OHdG, abasic site—AP sites), DNA damage response parameters, and global methylation in the model organism Acheta domesticus. Special attention was paid to various life stages and lifespans, using wild (H), and selected for longevity (D) strains. DNA damage was significantly affected by stage and/or strain and GO exposure. Larvae and young imago were generally more sensitive than adults, revealing more severe DNA damage. Especially in the earlier life stages, the D strain reacted more intensely/inversely than the H strain. In contrast, DNA damage response parameters were not significantly related to stage and/or strain and GO exposure. Stage-dependent DNA damage, especially DSB and 8-OHdG, with the simultaneous lack or subtle activation of DNA damage response parameters, may result from the general life strategy of insects. Predominantly fast-living and fast-breeding organisms can minimize energy-demanding repair mechanisms.

Genome‐wide profiles of DNA damage represent highly accurate predictors of mammalian age

“…Altogether, the steady‐state levels of DNA damage detected in this study likely reflect a complex interplay between the rates of DNA damage generation and repair in live cells, which vary across the genome and can be influenced by age and tissue/cell type. In fact, a complex relationship between various types of DNA damage, including AP sites, and age were previously reported by other groups (Flasz et al., 2022 ; Soares et al., 2014 ).…”

Concentration- and Time-Dependent Dietary Exposure to Graphene Oxide and Silver Nanoparticles: Effects on Food Consumption and Assimilation, Digestive Enzyme Activities, and Body Mass in Acheta domesticus

“…The 1-day-old adults were randomly assigned to seven experimental groups: a control group and groups fed with the feed with GO or AgNPs admixtures, each at three different concentrations (Scheme 1). The food was prepared following the protocol established in our laboratory and described previously [19,41]. Briefly, ground rabbit pellets were mixed with the appropriate GO or AgNP suspension volume in distilled water.…”