Age affects susceptibility to pulmonary barotrauma in rabbits

Intermittent Alveolar Overdistension for 30 or 240 Minutes Does Not Produce Acute Lung Injury in Normal Pig Lung

“…Copland et al [20] reported that adult rats were more susceptible to ventilation with high tidal volumes than were newborn rats. By contrast, Adkins et al [21] found the opposite in rabbits, being newborn rabbits are more susceptible than adults to barotrauma and ventilator-induced lung injury. The above findings underline the difficulty of finding a valid, reproducible, and stable model of lung injury by overdistension.…”

Murine mechanical ventilation stimulates alveolar epithelial cell proliferation

“…While this is usually provided only for a few hours, the current work provides evidence that such short-term ventilation can result in significant alterations in pulmonary mechanics and molecular processes. Large animal models of ventilator-induced lung injury indicate that immature lungs are particularly prone to ventilator-induced lung injury [25, 26]. Children and adults with trauma, aspiration or pneumonia frequently progress to Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) with a mortality rate of 40-70% [27].…”

Cellular and Immunologic Injury with PM-10 Inhalation

“…How-ever, in subjects with interstitial lung disease, increased concentrations of albumin in epithelial lining fluid were related to increased age (Roberts et al, 1993). There is evidence from animal studies that neonates and infants show larger increases in permeability than animals with mature lungs when challenged with histamine (Arakawa et al, 1992) or barotrauma (Adkins et al, 19911, and baseline permeability of the newborn lung is greater than that in more mature lungs (Mills & Haworth, 1991;Adkins et al, 1991;Hutchison et al, 1985). This suggests that neonates and infants may represent a sensitive population subgroup whose response to PM-10 exposure should be evaluated.…”