Afterword on Policy Communities: A Framework for Comparative Research

Campbell, John C.; Baskin, Mark; Baumgartner, Frank R.; Halpern, Nina P.

doi:10.1111/j.1468-0491.1989.tb00082.x

Cited by 29 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The second aspect of the external environment of the organization is the policy community within which it functions. The developing literature on policy communities (Campbell, 1989;Walker, 1989) points to the importance of the contacts of public organizations and programs with research organizations, multiple interest groups, other governmental organizations, etc. in shaping policy.…”

Section: The Organizational Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Instruments of Government: Perceptions and Contexts

1989

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Government uses a wide variety of instruments to reach its policy goals, ranging from indirect methods, such as moral suasion and cash inducements, to more direct ones involving government provision of services. Although there has been a fair amount of writing on the nature and use of various policy instruments, there is very little work on either the meaning ascribed to these instruments by the decisionmakers who use them (or the experts who design them) or the processes by which some come to be favored over others. Characteristics of the political system, such as national policy style, the organizational setting of the decisionmaker, and the problem situation are all likely to have some influence over the choice of instruments. The relative impact of these variables, however, is likely to be mediated by subjective factors linked to cognition. Perceptions of the proper ‘tool to do the job’ intervenes between context and choice in a complex way. Efforts to account for variation in instrument choice, then, must focus not only on macro level variables but on micro ones as well.

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Section: The Organizational Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Instruments of Government: Perceptions and Contexts

1989

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“…The materials produce a clear picture of a close policy network, but one that included off-road motorsport and excluded powerboating. Campbell, Baskin, and Baumgartner (1989) suggested that in contemporary government, 'policy making tends to fragment and specialise as a result of two fundamental trends, the expansion in the scope of governmental responsibility and the increasing complexity of public affairs'. Sport appeared relatively late in government policy, and after some salience regarding elite competition linked to London 2012, is still peripheral, so far as community sport is concerned (Collins, 2010;Nicholson, Hoye, & Houlihan, 2011).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The politics of the environment, and noisy sports: two totally different outcomes in the Lake District National Park for powerboating and off-road motoring

Collins

2011

Leisure Studies

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Promoting recreation in the National Parks of England and Wales has emphasised quiet forms since their formation. Elson and colleagues for the Sports Council in 1986 drew attention to the organisational and image problems of motorised sports, and after the Edwards committee's review of National Parks (NPs) in 1991 attitudes of some NP Authorities to motorised sports have hardened. Taking a 20-year perspective, the paper describes the background to powerboating and off-road motoring and the policy attitudes of the English NPAs in particular to off-road motoring and powerboating, Through the Land Access and Recreation Association the former have managed, with some opposition, to become part of the policy network, and persuaded the Lake District National Park Authority (LDNPA) to adopt a Hierarchy of Trail Route and a management system. At the same time, waterski and powerboat interests were very much outsiders, and against a phalanx of environmental opposition were effectively banned from Lake Windermere by a new Labour government, through the mechanism of a 10 mph speed limit. Both schemes may become a precedent for other NPs with some indications from Loch Lomond. The paper explores why these outcomes were so different, and the relationship between national policy and the local policy network. It also examines the consequences and impacts five or more years since the speed limit and Trails solutions

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“…They were part of the intellectual movement that generated the IPSA Research Committee on the Structure and Organization of Government (SOG), as described in the recent essay by fellow travelers Guy Peters and Colin Campbell (2016). Volume 2, issue 1 of the new journal consisted of a special issue on “policy communities as global phenomena” organized by John Creighton Campbell and with an introduction by Jack L. Walker, Jr. (see Baskin ; Baumgartner ; Campbell ; Campbell et al ; Halpern ; Walker ). We collectively explored the concept of policy communities, suggesting that this was a fruitful analytical framework for comparative research on the policy process, with contributions focusing on the United States, France, Japan, Yugoslavia, and China.…”

Section: The Old Daysmentioning

confidence: 99%