African Water Storage Pots for the Delivery of the Entomopathogenic Fungus Metarhizium anisopliae to the Malaria Vectors Anopheles gambiae s.s. and Anopheles funestus

Farenhorst, Marit; Farina, D.; Scholte, Ernst-Jan; Takken, Willem; Hunt, Richard H.; Coetzee, Maureen; Knols, Bart G. J.

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.2008.78.910

Cited by 72 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…13,14 Infective fungus spores have been applied with preliminary success in the field to sheets of black cloth, 9,15 clay pots, 16 and outdoor resting boxes 17 to reduce mosquito survival, with minimal contribution to airborne spore load. 18 Most studies that measured entomopathogenic fungusinduced mortality and other related effects on mosquito vectors have been conducted in the laboratory.…”

Section: -10mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Beauveria bassiana on Survival, Blood-Feeding Success, and Fecundity of Aedes aegypti in Laboratory and Semi-Field Conditions

Darbro¹,

Johnson²,

Thomas³

et al. 2012

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. The fungus Beauveria bassiana reduces Aedes aegypti longevity in laboratory conditions, but effects on survival, blood-feeding behavior, and fecundity in realistic environmental conditions have not been tested. Adult, female Ae. aegypti infected with B. bassiana (FI-277) were monitored for blood-feeding success and fecundity in the laboratory. Fungal infection reduced mosquito-human contact by 30%. Fecundity was reduced by (mean ± SD) 29.3 ± 8.6 eggs per female per lifetime in the laboratory; egg batch size and viability were unaffected. Mosquito survival, blood-feeding behavior, and fecundity were also tested in 5 meter + 7 meter + 4 meter semi-field cages in northern Queensland, Australia. Fungal infection reduced mosquito survival in semi-field conditions by 59-95% in large cages compared with 61-69% in small cages. One semi-field cage trial demonstrated 80% reduction in blood-feeding; a second trial showed no significant effect. Infection did not affect fecundity in large cages. Beauveria bassiana can kill and may reduce biting of Ae. aegypti in semi-field conditions and in the laboratory. These results further support the use of B. bassiana as a potential biocontrol agent against Ae. aegypti.

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Section: -10mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Beauveria bassiana on Survival, Blood-Feeding Success, and Fecundity of Aedes aegypti in Laboratory and Semi-Field Conditions

Darbro¹,

Johnson²,

Thomas³

et al. 2012

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…Our data indicate that applied fungus would infect eggs and prevent larval eclosion. The strain of Metarhizium investigated in this study, M. anisopliae ICIPE-30, is known to be highly infectious to adult mosquitoes and to reduce their lifespan (Scholte et al 2003;Farenhorst et al 2008;Mnyone et al 2009Mnyone et al , 2011. It is likely that a naturally occurring or artificially introduced fungus that recycle on dead aquatic or terrestrial mosquito stages increases the local density of infectious conidia and so the risk for ovipositing females, eggs, larvae, and newly emerged adults resting in contaminated places to get infected.…”

Section: Survival Of Anopheline Eggsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Survival of anopheline eggs and their susceptibility to infection with Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana under laboratory conditions

2011

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The viability of Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto and Anopheles arabiensis (Diptera: Culicidae) eggs over time and the ovicidal activity of Beauveria bassiana (Ascomycota: Cordycipitaceae) and Metarhizium anisopliae (Ascomycota: Clavicipitaceae) were investigated. Eggs were incubated in soil or leaf litter for up to 12 weeks at 26°C and 75%, 86% or >98% relative humidity (RH). Eggs were treated topically with M. anisopliae ICIPE-30 or B. bassiana I93-825 conidia in either water or oil-in-water formulations. Survival of eggs whether treated or not with fungus was similar, and untreated eggs generally did not survive longer than 2 weeks regardless of the substrate or humidity tested. After a minimal 5-day exposure, M. anisopliae at 5 × 10(6) conidia/cm(2) clearly reduced the number of larvae. The efficacy of the fungus increased when it was oil-in-water formulated, and eclosion was completely prevented regardless of the conidial concentration (10(5)-10(7) conidia/cm(2)) after a 10-day exposure in soils at >98% RH. Treatment of eggs with B. bassiana, however, failed to reduce the number of eclosing larvae. This is the first demonstration of the ovicidal activity by M. anisopliae against either A. gambiae s. s. or A. arabiensis and the results underline the potential of this fungus against anopheline mosquitoes.

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“…34 Recently, fungi have also been applied to the inside of clay water storage pots. 35 As mosquitoes pass through the eaves of houses when attempting to find their human hosts, fungus applied to eave curtains could also be effective for the infection of adults. 36 Our group has concentrated on the use of small black cotton cloths (∼8×6 cm) impregnated with conidia as a potential delivery system for use in intra-and extra-domicile situations.…”

Section: Adult Mosquito Control Using Fungus-impregnated Surfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Entomopathogenic organisms: conceptual advances and real-world applications for mosquito biological control

Samuels¹,

Paula²,

Carolino³

et al. 2016

OAIP

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Recently, advances have been made in the use of entomopathogenic fungi for the control of not only crop pests but also disease vectoring insects. New approaches, for example, combining control strategies such as the application of conventional insecticides and biological control agents together, are highly promising, especially as many insecticides are compatible with entomopathogenic fungi. In this review, we discuss some of the new approaches being developed for vector control. Governmental authorities must implement rational integrated vector management programs for reducing deaths and suffering caused by insect-vectored diseases. Although there are now many alternatives to conventional chemical control methods, the use of pesticides is still the mainstay of mosquito control measures. However, mosquitoes are rapidly developing resistance to the chemical insecticides in use at the moment. The deployment of entomopathogenic fungi for the control of all stages of the mosquito life cycle is an alternative strategy currently being investigated by many different research groups. It has been shown that entomopathogenic fungi can efficiently kill mosquito larvae and adults in laboratory and field conditions. However, an important aspect of this new approach is how to apply these biological control agents economically and efficiently. By using combinations of control agents and novel application systems, it may be possible to significantly reduce mosquito populations to levels at which epidemics of malaria, dengue fever, zika virus, and chikungunya do not occur.

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African Water Storage Pots for the Delivery of the Entomopathogenic Fungus Metarhizium anisopliae to the Malaria Vectors Anopheles gambiae s.s. and Anopheles funestus

Cited by 72 publications

References 25 publications

Effects of Beauveria bassiana on Survival, Blood-Feeding Success, and Fecundity of Aedes aegypti in Laboratory and Semi-Field Conditions

Effects of Beauveria bassiana on Survival, Blood-Feeding Success, and Fecundity of Aedes aegypti in Laboratory and Semi-Field Conditions

Survival of anopheline eggs and their susceptibility to infection with Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana under laboratory conditions

Entomopathogenic organisms: conceptual advances and real-world applications for mosquito biological control

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