African Trypanosomes: Virulence Factors, Pathogenicity And Host Responses

Bezie, Melkamu

doi:10.5455/jva.20141129012406

Cited by 22 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Similarly, since antibodies can persist for several months, it is not astonishing that the seroprevalence of T. evansi could indicate varying results from different studies. Additionally, dissimilar factors might be due to variable seroprevalences such as nutritional status, host susceptibility, and modification in strain virulence as suggested by Bezie et al (2014) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Trypanosoma evansi in camels using CATT/T. evansi technique in Borno and Yobe states, Nigeria

Kyari

Mbaya

Biu

et al. 2021

Parasite Epidemiology and Control

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Trypanosoma evansi is an important camel pathogen with dissimilar mammalian hosts and is the most widely distributed pathogenic animals' trypanosomes worldwide that affects domesticated animals. Four hundred and six blood samples were collected using homogeneous purposive sampling techniques from camels of all age groups (206 from Borno State and 200 from Yobe State, Nigeria). Each animal was examined and information on age and gender were recorded. The card agglutination test for T. evansi (CATT/ T. evansi ) was used to estimate the seroprevalence of T. evansi infection. The seroprevalence of T. evansi based on age and sex in Borno State, Nigeria was 38.83% (95% CI = 32.44%, 45.63%) in adult camels, whereas, the seroprevalence of T. evansi in young camels was significantly lower 2.91%, (95% CI = 1.34%, 6.20%), p < 0.05). The seroprevalence of T. evansi in male camels was estimated at 14.08% (95% CI = 9.99, 19.49) whereas, in female camels the seroprevalence was estimated at 27.67% (95% CI = 22.01%, 34.15%, p < 0.05). Furthermore, the seroprevalence of T. evansi in Yobe State, Nigeria in the adult camels was 27.50% (95% CI = 21.78%, 34.07%) whereas, the seroprevalence of T. evansi in young camels was 19.00%, (95% CI = 14.17%, 25.00%). The seroprevalence of T. evansi in male camels was 30.0% (95% CI = 24.07%, 36.68%), whereas, the seroprevalence of T. evansi in female camels was 16.5% (95% CI = 12.00%, 22.27%). Therefore, the present study aimed to provide information on the seroprevalence of T. evansi and the related risk factors in camels in Borno and Yobe States, Nigeria using CATT/ T. evansi technique.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of Trypanosoma evansi in camels using CATT/T. evansi technique in Borno and Yobe states, Nigeria

Kyari

Mbaya

Biu

et al. 2021

Parasite Epidemiology and Control

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“…Trypanosomes produce biologically active substances which cause trypanosomiasis; these include: variable surface glycoproteins (VSG), enzymes, B-cell mitogen and T lymphocyte triggering factor (TLTF) (Bezie et al 2014). Majority of T. evansi stocks express a VSG known as Rode Trypanozoon antigen (RoTat) type 1.2, a predominant VSG (Urakawa et al 2001; Claes et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential virulence of camel Trypanosoma evansi isolates in mice

et al. 2018

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This study assessed the virulence of Trypanosoma evansi, the causative agent of camel trypanosomiasis (surra), affecting mainly camels among other hosts in Africa, Asia and South America, with high mortality and morbidity. Using Swiss white mice, we assessed virulence of 17 T. evansi isolates collected from surra endemic countries. We determined parasitaemia, live body weight, packed cell volume (PCV) and survivorship in mice, for a period of 60 days' post infection. Based on survivorship, the 17 isolates were classified into three virulence categories; low (31-60 days), moderate (11-30 days) and high (0-10 days). Differences in survivorship, PCV and bodyweights between categories were significant and correlated (P < 0.05). Of the 10 Kenyan isolates, four were of low, five moderate and one (Type B) of high virulence. These findings suggest differential virulence between T. evansi isolates. In conclusion, these results show that the virulence of T. evansi may be region specific, the phenotype of the circulating parasite should be considered in the management of surra. There is also need to collect more isolates from other surra endemic regions to confirm this observation.

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“…Findings of present study were revealed on significant decreases in platelet count of T. evansi infected camels, which caused either by splenic sequestration (Da Silva et al, 2010) or extravascular destruction of circulating platelets by the mononuclear phagocytic system (Kipper et al, 2011). Also, it suggested that thrombocytopenia occurs where the surface proteins of Trypanosoma adhere to blood cells as platelets being more susceptible to phagocytosis in spleen and liver (Naessens, 2006;Bezie et al, 2014). However, values of platelet indices differ widely between species and within the species in depending on several factors such as breed, sex, age, nutrition, and health status (Hussein et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Detection and Bloody Profiles Evaluation of Naturally Infected Camels with Subclinical Trypanosoma evansi, Iraq

Al-Abedi¹,

Sray²,

Hussein³

et al. 2020

ATMPH

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The current study directs for detection the molecular-prevalence of Trypanosoma evansi in naturally subclinical infected camels by PCR assay, in addition to establishment a reference values for blood parameters of study animals. During of April to November/2018, the total results for testing 92 venous blood samples were revealed on 27.17% T. evansi positive camels. Among T. evansi infected camels, significant increases (P0.05) were detected in age factor at 1-4 years group; whereas, no significant variation (P>0.05) was showed between groups of areas and gender factors. Concerning to hematology, significant decreases were showed in total RBCs, Hb, and MCHC; with significant increases in MCV and MCH. For leukocytes, significant increases were showed in total WBCs and lymphocytes only. In serum-biochemical indices, significant decreases (P0.05) were observed in albumin, albumin/globulin ratio, as well as in glucose; and significant increases in AST, ALT, GGT, ALP, CK, total protein, and globulins; but neither in BUN nor total bilirubin. For serum-minerals, significant decrease and significant increase were recorded respectively in iron and phosphorus; however, no significant differences were detected in calcium, magnesium, sodium, and potassium. In clotting factors, the findings were revealed on significant decreases in platelet and fibrinogen concentration, with significant increases in ACT, Prt, and Aptt. However, MPV and PDW were appeared without significant variation.

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African Trypanosomes: Virulence Factors, Pathogenicity And Host Responses

Cited by 22 publications

References 69 publications

Seroprevalence of Trypanosoma evansi in camels using CATT/T. evansi technique in Borno and Yobe states, Nigeria

Seroprevalence of Trypanosoma evansi in camels using CATT/T. evansi technique in Borno and Yobe states, Nigeria

Differential virulence of camel Trypanosoma evansi isolates in mice

Detection and Bloody Profiles Evaluation of Naturally Infected Camels with Subclinical Trypanosoma evansi, Iraq

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