African-American Youth In Public Housing Showing Low Alcohol and Drug Use

Rodney, H. Elaine; Mupier, Robert; O'Neal, Stephanie

doi:10.1300/j029v06n04_03

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Risk and protective factors, particularly in the biological realm, that may explain differences in drinking patterns in the African-American community are yet to be completely identified. However, within the psychosocial realm, family factors, peer involvement (Barnes and Farrell, 1992) and academic performance (Rodney et al, 1997) appear to be more important than poverty or psychosocial status in predicting drug and alcohol involvement.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Event-Related Potential Responses to Alcohol-Related Stimuli in African-American Young Adults: Relation to Family History of Alcoholism and Drug Usage

Ehlers

Phillips²,

Sweeny³

et al. 2003

Alcohol and Alcoholism

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Aims: To use event-related potentials (ERPs) to investigate the response to alcohol-related stimuli in African-American young adults. Methods: ERPs to an object recognition task, that included pictures of objects, food and alcohol-related and non-alcoholrelated drinks as stimuli, were obtained in 81 African-American young adult men and women (18-25 years old) without a personal history of alcohol dependence. Information on: psychiatric diagnoses, personal drinking and drug use history, and familial history of alcoholism was also obtained. Results: Family history was found to be associated with lowered P3 components and higher N1 components in response to the non-alcohol-related drinks. Additionally, an exploratory analyses revealed that lower amplitude N1 components were generated in response to alcohol-related stimuli in regular marijuana users compared with non-regular users. No associations of N1 or P3 amplitudes with conduct disorder symptoms or current drinking status were found in this population. Conclusions: These studies demonstrated that family history is significantly and selectively associated with lower P3 amplitudes in this group of young adult men and women of African-American heritage. Additionally, current usage of marijuana and alcohol do not modify P3 amplitudes. However, regular marijuana use may diminish N1 response to alcohol-related stimuli, whereas, family history of alcoholism may augment N1 responses. Taken together these studies further suggest that ERPs can provide specific information on alcoholism risk as well as use of other misused drugs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Event-Related Potential Responses to Alcohol-Related Stimuli in African-American Young Adults: Relation to Family History of Alcoholism and Drug Usage

Ehlers

Phillips²,

Sweeny³

et al. 2003

Alcohol and Alcoholism

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“…Poor family management has been shown to increase the risk of substance abuse, delinquency, teen LIFE STRESSORS AND SUBSTANCE ABUSE pregnancy, school dropout, and violence. Where there is a lack of clear expectation for behavior, a failure of parents to monitor their adolescents, and the use of excessively severe or inconsistent punishment, there will be an increased risk of substance abuse and problem behavior (Rodney et al, 1997). Risk factors interact to increase the likelihood of developing an addiction to illicit substances (Thomas & Schandler, 1996;Wallace & Muroff, 2002).…”

Section: Adolescent Substance Abuse and Its Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Others have found that such indicators of socioeconomic disadvantage as poverty, overcrowding, and poor housing are associated with the increased risk of childhood conduct problems. Thus, poverty, coupled with childhood behavioral problems, has been shown to increase the likelihood of alcohol and drug problems (Hawkins, Catalano, & Miller, 1992;Rodney et al, 1997).…”

Section: Adolescent Substance Abuse and Its Risk Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life Stressors and Substance Abuse in African American Adolescents Residing in a Public Housing Community

Taylor

2014

Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment

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An investigation of adolescent life stressors and substance abuse was conducted. Several variables have been linked to the onset of illicit drug-taking behaviors. Current propositions conclude that peer pressure, curiosity, drug availability, sociability, boredom, frustration, and low socioeconomic status are culprits in substance abuse. However, little-to-no attention was given to adolescent life stressors as a contributing factor to the onset of substance abuse. Thus, an exploratory investigation of the variables linking life stressors to the onset of substance abuse was conducted using the "grounded theory" qualitative research approach.

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“…In general, our understanding about public housing and problematic youth behavior has suffered because individuals have failed to (a) distinguish neighborhood or area crime statistics from the behavior of residents and (b) move beyond subsidized housing versus public housing comparisons. Moreover, the limited scholarship available—especially about substance use—is largely derived from project or city-specific case studies (Griffiths & Tita, 2009; Holloway & McNulty, 2003; Ireland et al, 2003; Rodney & Mupier, 1997; Williams et al, 1997). The current study addresses these shortcomings by using a national sample to investigate rates of violence and substance use among teens residing in public housing and subsidized housing, respectively, and to compare each of these groups to similar teens whose families have not received housing assistance.…”

Section: Individual Behavior Versus Ecological Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is a paucity of information available, but the limited, nascent literature does not indicate elevated rates of substance use among teens living in public housing. One small-scale survey reports low rates of alcohol and drug use among public housing teens (Rodney & Mupier, 1997). In addition, a 4 comparative analysis of adolescents living in public housing to those in conventional housing finds no distinguishably different problematic alcohol use (Williams, Scheier, Botvin, Baker, & Miller, 1997).…”

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confidence: 99%

Subsidized Housing, Public Housing, and Adolescent Violence and Substance Use

Leech

2010

Youth & Society

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This study examines the separate relationships of public housing residence and subsidized housing residence to adolescent health risk behavior. Data include 2,530 adolescents aged 14 to 19 who were children of the National the Longitudinal Study of Youth. The author use stratified propensity methods to compare the behaviors of each group-subsidized housing residents and public housing residents-to a matched control group of teens receiving no housing assistance. The results reveal no significant relationship between public housing residence and violence, heavy alcohol/marijuana use, or other drug use. However, subsidized housing residents have significantly lower rates of violence and hard drug use, and marginally lower rates of heavy marijuana/alcohol use. The results indicate that the consistent, positive effect of vouchers in the current literature is not due to a lower standard among the typical comparison group: public housing. Future studies should focus on conceptualizing and analyzing the protective effect of vouchers beyond comparisons to public housing environments.Keywords: adolescent substance use; adolescent violence; public housing; subsidized housing 2 Subsidized Housing, Public Housing, and Adolescent Violence and Substance UseThere is strong evidence that the clustering of poor families in neighborhoods has negative economic and social effects on individuals (Brooks-Gunn, Duncan, & Aber, 1997;Udayakumar & Nelson, 1999;Vey, 2007). The spatial concentration of poverty has been associated with problems ranging from limited job access (Gobillon, Selod, & Zenou, 2007;Wilson, 1978) to school failure (Brooks-Gunn et al., 1997) and poor individual health (Ross & Mirowsky, 2001). These associations also apply to the issues of teen violence and substance use. Research consistently indicates that neighborhood disadvantage is related to increased adolescent drug abuse, alcohol use, and violent behavior (Elliott et al., 1996;Kubrin & Weitzer, 2003;MacDonald & Gover, 2005;Valdez, Kaplan, & Curtis, 2007).In turn, this evidence has become the basis for assumptions that substance use and violence among adolescents living in public housing warrants public policy attention (Popkin, Buron, Levy, & Cunningham, 2000;Schwartz & Tajbakhsh, 2001). Relying on existing social scientific findings about the effects of concentrated poverty (Massey & Denton, 1993;R. Sampson & Lauritsen, 1994;R. J. Sampson, Morenoff, & Gannon-Rowley, 2002), policy makers have argued that if concentration in impoverished neighborhoods contributes to health risk behaviors, then dispersing public housing residents through residential mobility and mixed-housing should lead to more positive behaviors within the public housing population (Crump, 2003;Khadduri, 2001).Yet this line of reasoning is susceptible to the ecological fallacy (Good & Hardin, 2009, p. 170): Information about community-level effects is being used to draw conclusions about individuals' health behaviors. Existing research on adolescent violence and substance use indicates...

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African-American Youth In Public Housing Showing Low Alcohol and Drug Use

Cited by 3 publications

References 17 publications

Event-Related Potential Responses to Alcohol-Related Stimuli in African-American Young Adults: Relation to Family History of Alcoholism and Drug Usage

Event-Related Potential Responses to Alcohol-Related Stimuli in African-American Young Adults: Relation to Family History of Alcoholism and Drug Usage

Life Stressors and Substance Abuse in African American Adolescents Residing in a Public Housing Community

Subsidized Housing, Public Housing, and Adolescent Violence and Substance Use

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