Aflatoxins in cotton seeds and cotton seed cake from Pakistan

Shar, Zahid Hussain; Pirkash, Om; Shar, H H; Sherazi, Syed Tufail Hussain; Mahesar, Sarfaraz Ahmed

doi:10.1080/19393210.2019.1698661

Cited by 15 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The heavy contamination of raw cotton seeds with AFB1 has to be avoided, due to its toxic effects on animals after the ingestion of contaminated cotton seeds, as well as the heavy contamination of milk with AFM1. Global studies of AF occurrence in cotton are rare, but according to a study in Texas and one in Pakistan, AFs are higher due to specific weather conditions [42,43]. In fact, AF contamination depends not only on the type of crop but also on the climatic conditions in which the crop grows [28].…”

Section: Cottonmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Eight-Year Survey on Aflatoxin B1 Indicates High Feed Safety in Animal Feed and Forages in Northern Italy

Ferrari

Fumagalli

Rizzi

et al. 2022

Toxins

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Aflatoxins (AFs) remain the main concern for the agricultural and dairy industries due to their effects on the performances and quality of livestock production. Aflatoxins are always unavoidable and should be monitored. The objective of this paper is to bring to light a significant volume of data on AF contamination in several animal feed ingredients in Northern Italy. The Regional Breeders Association of Lombardy has been conducting a survey program to monitor mycotoxin contamination in animal feeds, and in this paper, we present data relating to AFB1 contamination. In most cases (95%), the concentrations were low enough to ensure compliance with the European Union’s (EU’s) maximum admitted levels for animal feed ingredients. However, the data show a high variability in AF contamination between different matrices and, within the same matrix, a high variability year over year. High levels of AFs were detected in maize and cotton, especially in the central part of the second decade of this century, i.e., 2015–2018, which has shown a higher risk of AF contamination in feed materials in Northern Italy. Variability due to climate change and the international commodity market affect future prospects to predict the presence of AFs. Supplier monitoring and control and reduced buying of contaminated raw materials, as well as performing analyses of each batch, help reduce AF spread.

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Section: Cottonmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Eight-Year Survey on Aflatoxin B1 Indicates High Feed Safety in Animal Feed and Forages in Northern Italy

Ferrari

Fumagalli

Rizzi

et al. 2022

Toxins

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“…In the search for the full text of the remaining articles, no complete text was found for 108, and they were left out of the study. Finally, out of 132 full-text articles reviewed, 49 were identified as eligible and entered into the meta-analysis ( Table S1 ) [ 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 , 95 , 96 , 97 , 98 , 99 , 100 , 101 , 102 , 103 , 104 , 105 , 106 , 107 , 108 , 109 , 110 , 111 , 112 , 113 , 114 , 115 , 116 , 117 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Concentration of Mycotoxins in Animal Feed in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Jalilzadeh-Amin

Dalir‐Naghadeh

Ahmadnejad

et al. 2023

Toxins

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This study seeks a comprehensive meta-analysis of mycotoxin contaminants in animal feed consumed in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. The obtained articles were reviewed, and 49 articles that investigated the contamination of mycotoxins including aflatoxins (AFs), deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZEA), T-2 toxin, fumonisins (FUM), and ochratoxin A (OTA), in feed samples or components of animal feed in the MENA region were selected. The titles of the final articles included in the study were meta-analyzed. Necessary information was extracted and categorized from the articles, and a meta-analysis was performed using Stata software. The highest contamination was in dry bread (80%), and Algeria was the most contaminated country (87% of animal feed), with the most mycotoxins contaminating AFs (47%) and FUM (47%). The highest concentration of mycotoxins in animal feed is related to FUM (1240.01 μg/kg). Climate change, economic situation, agricultural and processing methods, the nature of the animal feed, and improper use of food waste in animal feed are among the most critical factors that are effective in the occurrence of mycotoxin contamination in animal feed in MENA. Control of influential factors in the occurrence of contaminations and rapid screening with accurate identification methods to prevent the occurrence and spread of mycotoxin contamination of animal feed seem important.

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“…[36] Among the aflatoxins, AFB1 is the most hepatocarcinogenic and hepatotoxic and occurs as a contaminant in a variety of foods. [37] So far, many methods, including traditional high-performance liquid chromatography, [38][39][40] enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [41][42][43] and liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry, [44][45][46] have been proposed to detect AFB1. However, they are generally time-consuming, require expensive equipment and dangerous chemicals and are laborintensive.…”

Section: Detection Of Afb1 By the Toroidal Dipole Metamaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Terahertz toroidal dipole metamaterial sensors for detection of aflatoxin B1

Ouyang

Duan

et al. 2024

Chinese Phys. B

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Terahertz metamaterial biosensors have gained significant attention in the biological field due to their label-free, real-time and in-situ detection advantages. In this paper, a highly sensitive metamaterial sensor with semi-ring mirror symmetry based on toroidal dipole resonance was designed for a new metamaterial biosensor. It is shown that 337.5 GHz/RIU refractive index sensitivity can be achieved under the analyte of saturated thickness near 1.33 THz transmission dip. For biosensor samples where aflatoxin B1 was spotted on the metamaterial surface in our experiment, the dip amplitudes of transmission varying from 0.1904 to 0.203, 0.2093 were observed as aflatoxin B1 concentrations alter from 0 to 0.001 μg/mL, 0.01 μg/mL respectively. Furthermore, when aflatoxin B1 concentrations are 0.1 μg/mL, 1 μg/mL,10 μg/mL, 100 μg/mL, dip amplitudes of 0.2179, 0.226, 0.2384, 0.2527 and dip redshifts of 10.1 GHz, 20.1 GHz, 27.7 GHz, 37.6 GHz are separately provided. These results illustrate high-sensitivity and label-free detection of aflatoxin B1, enriching the applications of sensors in the terahertz domain.

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Aflatoxins in cotton seeds and cotton seed cake from Pakistan

Cited by 15 publications

References 26 publications

An Eight-Year Survey on Aflatoxin B1 Indicates High Feed Safety in Animal Feed and Forages in Northern Italy

An Eight-Year Survey on Aflatoxin B1 Indicates High Feed Safety in Animal Feed and Forages in Northern Italy

Prevalence and Concentration of Mycotoxins in Animal Feed in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Terahertz toroidal dipole metamaterial sensors for detection of aflatoxin B1

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