Aflatoxin in foodstuffs: Occurrence and recent advances in decontamination

Ismail, Amir; Gonçalves, Bruna Caroline Marques; Neeff, Diane Valgañon de; Ponzilacqua, Bárbara; Coppa, Carolina Fernanda Sengling Cebin; Hintzsche, Henning; Sajid, Muhammad; Cruz, Adriano G.; Corassin, Carlos Humberto; Oliveira, Carlos Augusto Fernandes de

doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2018.06.067

Cited by 227 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 120 publications

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“…AF and ST cause mammalian hepatocarcinomas and animal toxicities (Terao, 1983;Anderson et al, 1990). Ingestion of AF, linked to common contaminations by A. parasiticus and A. flavus in grain-based products during storage, is considered a major human health risk (Ismail et al, 2018). Since the discovery of these mycotoxins, many studies have focused on the mechanisms leading to their biosynthesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional characterization of the sterigmatocystin secondary metabolite gene cluster in the filamentous fungus Podospora anserina: involvement in oxidative stress response, sexual development, pigmentation and interspecific competitions

Shen

Porée

Gaslonde

et al. 2019

Environmental Microbiology

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Summary Filamentous fungi are known as prolific untapped reservoirs of diverse secondary metabolites, where genes required for their synthesis are organized in clusters. The bioactive properties of these compounds are closely related to their functions in fungal biology, which are not well understood. In this study, we focused on the Podospora anserina gene cluster responsible for the biosynthesis of sterigmatocystin (ST). Deletion of the PaStcA gene encoding the polyketide synthase and overexpression (OE) of the PaAflR gene encoding the ST‐specific transcription factor in P. anserina were performed. We showed that growth of PaStcAΔ was inhibited in the presence of methylglyoxal, while OE‐PaAflR showed a little inhibition, indicating that ST production may enhance oxidative stress tolerance in P. anserina. We also showed that the OE‐PaAflR strain displayed an overpigmented thallus mediated by the melanin pathway. Overexpression of PaAflR also led to sterility. Interspecific confrontation assays showed that ST‐overexpressed strains produced a high level of peroxides and possessed a higher competitiveness against other fungi. Comparative metabolite profiling demonstrated that PaStcAΔ strain was unable to produce ST, while OE‐PaAflR displayed a ST overproduction. This study contributes to a better understanding of ST in P. anserina, especially with regard to its involvement in fungal physiology.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional characterization of the sterigmatocystin secondary metabolite gene cluster in the filamentous fungus Podospora anserina: involvement in oxidative stress response, sexual development, pigmentation and interspecific competitions

Shen

Porée

Gaslonde

et al. 2019

Environmental Microbiology

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“…Aflatoxins are toxic secondary metabolites, affected by fungal species, of Aspergillus molds that are largely distributed in nature and have contaminated the food supplies of animals and humans, resulting in serious health hazards and even death [1,2]. Additional health impacts of aflatoxins include hepatotoxicity, teratogenicity, genotoxicity, and cytotoxicity [3]. It has been estimated about 5 billion people globally are particularly affected by exposed to dietary aflatoxins [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global scientific trends on aflatoxin research during 1998–2017: a bibliometric and visualized study

Zyoud

2019

J Occup Med Toxicol

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BackgroundAflatoxins are fungal metabolites associated with contaminated food products. Intake of aflatoxin-contaminated food results in serious health hazards and even death. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the global scientific output of research of aflatoxin by using bibliometric techniques.MethodsThis bibliometric study was conducted using Scopus database and classified the retrieved publications were classified from different aspects, including the countries/region of focus, journals, authors, institutes, citations, and content analysis to discover any hot and emerging topics. In addition, the bibliometric analysis of the international collaborative network and hot research topics were generated by VOSviewer© software version 1.6.10. The publication period was restricted in the search for two decades (1998–2017).ResultsThe search engine of the Scopus database found 9845 documents published in the field of aflatoxin. The USA is the top publishing source in the world (22.85%), followed by China (11.85%), India (9.32%), and Italy (5.25%). In earlier years, researchers focused on terms related to the topics of “sources and biosynthesis of aflatoxin”, “health effects by aflatoxin”, and “detoxification and treatment of aflatoxin”. However, in recent years, researchers pay more attention to the topic of detection and quantification of aflatoxin.ConclusionsThe quantity of research in global aflatoxin has substantially increased over the past two decades. The evaluation of the historical status and development trend in aflatoxin scientific research can guide future research, and ultimately provide the basis for improving management procedures for governmental decisions, healthcare, industries, and educational institutions.

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“…Some other countries have also set maximum level or limits of AFs in various foodstuffs. For example, European Union (EU) has imposed more strict tolerance limits of AFs (0.1 to 2 µg/kg) in cereals or cereal‐based food for human consumption (Ismail et al., 2018).…”

Section: Mycotoxinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and preventive strategies to control mycotoxins in cereal‐based food

Wan

Chen

Rao

2020

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

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Mycotoxins contamination in cereal-based food is ubiquitous according to systematic review of the scientific documentation of worldwide mycotoxin contamination in cereal and their products between 2008 and 2018, thus representing food safety issue especially in developing tropical countries. Food processing plays a vital role to prevent mycotoxin contamination in food. Therefore, it is with great urgency to develop strategies to inhibit fungi growth and mycotoxin production during food processing. This review begins by discussing physicochemical properties of five most common mycotoxins (aflatoxins, fumonisins, ochratoxins, deoxynivalenol, and zearalenone) found in cereal grains, regulation for mycotoxins in food, and their potential negative impact on human health. The fate of mycotoxins during major cereal-based food processing including milling, breadmaking, extrusion, malting, and brewing was then summarized. In the end, traditional mitigation strategies including physical and chemical and potential application of biocontrol agent and essential oil nanoemulsions that can be applied during food processing were discussed. It indicated that no single method is currently available to completely prevent mycotoxin contamination in cereal foods.

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Aflatoxin in foodstuffs: Occurrence and recent advances in decontamination

Cited by 227 publications

References 120 publications

Functional characterization of the sterigmatocystin secondary metabolite gene cluster in the filamentous fungus Podospora anserina: involvement in oxidative stress response, sexual development, pigmentation and interspecific competitions

Functional characterization of the sterigmatocystin secondary metabolite gene cluster in the filamentous fungus Podospora anserina: involvement in oxidative stress response, sexual development, pigmentation and interspecific competitions

Global scientific trends on aflatoxin research during 1998–2017: a bibliometric and visualized study

Occurrence and preventive strategies to control mycotoxins in cereal‐based food

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