Affective influences without approach-avoidance actions: on the congruence between valence and stimulus-response mappings

Yamaguchi, Motonori; Chen, Jing

doi:10.3758/s13423-018-1547-1

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…It could thus be argued that the behavioral reactions were directed to the affective stimuli. Finally, Yamaguchi and Chen (2019) recently demonstrated that approach/avoidance tendencies toward neutral stimuli appearing on either the left or right side of a screen could be facilitated by the presentation of positive vs. negative pictures, respectively, presented in the center of the screen. Thus, these results suggest that incidental affect could indeed trigger approach/avoidance tendencies toward neutral stimuli.…”

Section: Affective Stimuli?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Generalized Approach/Avoidance Responses to Degraded Affective Stimuli: An Informational Account

Pillaud¹,

Ric

2022

Social Cognition

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Two studies tested whether affective stimuli presented auditorily spontaneously trigger approach/avoidance reactions toward neutral visual stimuli. Contrary to hypotheses, Experiment 1 revealed that when the target was present, participants responded faster after positive (vs. negative) stimuli, and faster to the absence of the target following negative (vs. positive) stimuli, whatever the response modality (i.e., approach/avoidance). Instructions were to approach/avoid stimuli depending on whether a target was presented or not presented. We proposed that affective stimuli were used in this study as information about the presence/absence of the target. In Experiment 2, we replicated the results of Experiment 1 when participants responded to the presence/absence of the target, whereas an approach/avoidance compatibility effect was observed when each response modality was associated with a target. These results indicate that affective stimuli influence approach/avoidance across perceptual modalities and suggest that the link between affective stimuli and behavioral tendencies could be mediated by informational value of affect.

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Section: Affective Stimuli?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Generalized Approach/Avoidance Responses to Degraded Affective Stimuli: An Informational Account

Pillaud¹,

Ric

2022

Social Cognition

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“…Many studies aimed to understand how the behavior of individuals is influenced by the affective valence (Chen & Bargh, 1999; Eder & Rothermund, 2008; Solarz, 1960), through either motor or verbal responses. However, only recently, research has been conducted on the influence of affective valence on spatial compatibility between stimulus and response, with some representatives as Cavallet et al (2016); Conde et al (2011); Conde, Cavallet et al (2014); Conde, Matsushima et al (2014); Proctor (2013); Yamaguchi and Chen, 2019; and Yamaguchi et al (2018), among others.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Affective valence, spatial compatibility, and presidential candidates: A study on political rivalry in Brazilian elections.

Nascimento¹,

Lameira²,

Torro-Alves³

et al. 2020

Psychology & Neuroscience

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The valence of visual stimuli influences behavior due to facilitations and inhibitions that occur at several levels of the sensory-motor system. Approach and avoidance reactions were proposed to explain the modulation of the spatial compatibility effect as a function of the affective valence of the stimuli. In the present study, we used the names of presidential candidates in Brazil as affective stimuli. The names of the favorite and rival candidates, according to voter preference, were presented to the left or to the right of the screen center, and two mapping rules were used. In Mapping 1, participants made a compatible response with the name of the favorite candidate and an incompatible response with the name of the rival candidate, and in Mapping 2 the rule was reversed. Mapping rule 1 responses were faster than Mapping 2 responses. From the findings, a model based on facilitations and inhibition of ipsilateral and contralateral responses is proposed to explain the task-set effect elicited by the interaction between valence and compatibility.

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“…Valence (positive/pleasant vs negative/unpleasant) has been regularly included as a rating characteristic for words, pictures, symbols, and icons (Ito, Cacioppo, & Lang, 1998;Libkuman et al, 2007;Moors et al, 2013;Prada et al, 2015;Rodrigues et al, 2018;Söderholm et al, 2013;Warriner et al, 2013). The precise role of valence in determining user performance is unclear, but it is widely implicated in cognition including perception, working memory, and semantic activation (Angrilli et al, 1997;Galindo et al, 2015;Montoya et al, 2017;Pauligk et al, 2019;Storbeck & Clore, 2007;Warrington & Shallice, 1984;Yamaguchi & Chen, 2018;Zdrazilova & Pexman, 2013).…”

Section: Selection Of Icon Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nudge and bias in subjective ratings? The role of icon sets in determining ratings of icon characteristics

2022

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Subjective ratings have been central to the evaluation of icon characteristics. The current study examined biases in ratings in relation to the context in which icons are presented. Context was manipulated between participants, with some groups rating icon sets with limited variability, and others rating icon sets with wide variability. It was predicted that the context created by the icon set would influence participants’ ratings; when the range of icons was limited, this would create bias given participants’ expectation that a full range of icon values was being presented. Six key icon characteristics were rated, which were visual (visual complexity, appeal), affective (valence, feelings), and semantic (concreteness, semantic distance). Some icon characteristics were susceptible to rating bias while others were not. Where subjective judgements were being made of visual icon characteristics (appeal/complexity) and highly concrete icons which were very pictorial, there was clear evidence of substantial bias in ratings. The same susceptibility to bias was not evident when ratings relied solely on learned semantic associations or were associated with the emotional attributions made to icons. The dynamic nature of the ratings bias was demonstrated when the rating context was changed without participants’ knowledge. When participants rated further blocks of icons providing a different range of the to-be-rated characteristic, this resulted in rapid and dramatic changes in rating behaviour. These findings demonstrate the need for representative sampling of icon characteristics to avoid ratings bias. Practically, this is important when determining the usability of newly designed icon sets in order to avoid over-valuing or under-valuing of key characteristics.

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Affective influences without approach-avoidance actions: on the congruence between valence and stimulus-response mappings

Cited by 5 publications

References 26 publications

Generalized Approach/Avoidance Responses to Degraded Affective Stimuli: An Informational Account

Generalized Approach/Avoidance Responses to Degraded Affective Stimuli: An Informational Account

Affective valence, spatial compatibility, and presidential candidates: A study on political rivalry in Brazilian elections.

Nudge and bias in subjective ratings? The role of icon sets in determining ratings of icon characteristics

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