Affect as a Decision-Making System of the Present

Chang, Hannah H.; Pham, Michel Tuan

doi:10.1086/668644

Cited by 119 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 68 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…Movement, in a sense, can serve as a heuristic for quick judgment of freshness (Chang & Pham, 2013;Kruger, Wirtz, Van Boven, & Altermatt, 2004;Pham & Avnet, 2009). Much like other heuristics, this association may serve as an efficient rule that was learned and hard-wired into human mental functioning over the course of human evolution (Gilovich, Griffin, & Kahneman, 2002).…”

Section: Motion As a Cue For Freshnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fresh from the tree: Implied motion improves food evaluation

Gvili

Tal

Amar

et al. 2015

Food Quality and Preference

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Section: Motion As a Cue For Freshnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fresh from the tree: Implied motion improves food evaluation

Gvili

Tal

Amar

et al. 2015

Food Quality and Preference

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“…This reflects previous studies that have found the involvement of urgency in reward delay sensitivity (Kraplin et al, 2014;Torres et al, 2013). It is possible that among individuals with a tendency to act impulsively in response to strong affects, affect tends to trigger impatience and myopia in inter-temporal choice, resulting in preferences toward smaller but immediate rewards over larger but delayed rewards (see Chang & Pham, 2013 for a review). Urgency was also positively related to lower levels of deliberative decision-making suggesting that young people (who tend to make poor decisions under conditions of strong affects) are also characterized by tendency not to think of the consequences of an action before engaging in it.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trait urgency and gambling problems in young people by age: The mediating role of decision-making processes

Canale

Vieno

Griffiths

et al. 2015

Addictive Behaviors

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Although the personality trait of urgency has been linked to problem gambling, less is known about psychological mechanisms that mediate the relationship between urgency and problem gambling. One individual variable of potential relevance to impulsivity and addictive disorders is age. The aims of this study were to examine: (i) a theoretical model associating urgency and gambling problems, (ii) the mediating effects of decision-making processes (operationalized as preference for small/immediate rewards and lower levels of deliberative decision-making); and (iii) age differences in these relationships. Participants comprised 986 students (64% male; mean age=19.51 years; SD=2.30) divided into three groups: 16-17 years, 18-21 years, and 22-25 years. All participants completed measures of urgency, problem gambling, and a delay-discounting questionnaire involving choices between a smaller amount of money received immediately and a larger amount of money received later. Participants were also asked to reflect on their decision-making process. Compared to those aged 16-17 years and 22-25 years, participants aged 18-21 years had a higher level of gambling problems and decreased scores on lower levels of deliberative decision-making. Higher levels of urgency were associated with higher levels of gambling problems. The association was mediated by a lower level of deliberative decision-making and preference for an immediate/small reward. A distinct pathway was observed for lower levels of deliberative decision-making. Young people who tend to act rashly in response to extreme moods, had lower levels of deliberative decision-making, that in turn were positively related to gambling problems. This study highlights unique decision-making pathways through which urgency trait may operate, suggesting that those developing prevention and/or treatment strategies may want to consider the model's variables, including urgency, delay discounting, and deliberative decision-making.

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“…For instance, based on findings underlining the primacy of the affective system [28,29], one could conjecture that the impact of the affective manipulation should be independent of the cognitive-load manipulation. Disentangling different dual-process models is an important task for empirical research.…”

Section: Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dual-Process Reasoning in Charitable Giving: Learning from Non-Results

Grossman

Weele

2017

Games

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Abstract:To identify dual-process reasoning in giving, we exposed experimental participants making a charitable donation to vivid images of the charity's beneficiaries in order to stimulate affect. We hypothesized that the effect of an affective manipulation on giving would be larger when we simultaneously put the subjects under cognitive load using a numerical recall task. Independent treatment checks reveal opposite responses in men and women and cast some doubt on the reliability of our mainstream treatment manipulations and assessment tools. We find no evidence for dual-process decision-making, even among women, whose responses to the manipulations conformed most to our expectations. These results highlight the need for caution in the use of these common manipulations, the importance of independent manipulation checks, and the limitations of dual-process models for understanding altruistic behavior.

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Affect as a Decision-Making System of the Present

Cited by 119 publications

References 68 publications

Fresh from the tree: Implied motion improves food evaluation

Fresh from the tree: Implied motion improves food evaluation

Trait urgency and gambling problems in young people by age: The mediating role of decision-making processes

Dual-Process Reasoning in Charitable Giving: Learning from Non-Results

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