Aetiology and resistance in bacteraemias among adult and paediatric haematology and cancer patients

Antimicrobial Resistance in Gram-Negative Rods Causing Bacteremia in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients: Intercontinental Prospective Study of the Infectious Diseases Working Party of the European Bone Marrow Transplantation Group

“…Geographic regions [4] included Northwest (Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Fin France, Germany, Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom); Sou The incidence of resistance was computed as a percentage, the denominato the number of GNR pathogens and the numerator being the number of path classified as "resistant." Early mortality was computed as a percentage of d occurred within 7 days after bacteremia on the episodes with a follow-up av at the same time.…”

“…All P values are 2 side the analyses were performed using the statistical software SAS version 9.4 ( Sixty-five HSCT centers from 25 countries reported data on 655 GNR episod 591 patients (1.1 episodes [range, [1][2][3][4] Abbreviations: allo, allogeneic; auto, autologous; βL/βLI, β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor; GVHD, g host disease; HSCT, hematopoietic stem cell transplant; ICU, intensive care unit.…”

The emerging problem of bacterial resistance in cancer patients; proceedings of a workshop held by MASCC “Neutropenia, Infection and Myelosuppression” Study Group during the MASCC annual meeting held in Berlin on 27–29 June 2013

“…and the non-fermenters (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter spp., Stenotrophomonas maltophilia) were less commonly isolated. Two recent systematic reviews of bacteremia in febrile neutropenic (FN) patients at several global sites have documented three emerging trends in these patients: (1) Gramnegative isolates are becoming nearly as prevalent (or more so in some areas) as Gram-positives, (2) Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria that are resistant to empirically recommended β-lactam antibiotics are increasing worldwide, and (3) substantial geographic/regional differences exist in patterns of bloodstream isolates from FN patients [1,2].…”

“…These strains are currently causing hospital-acquired as well as community-acquired infections in America. This organism is less common in Europe, but a systematic review of data from the mid to late 2000s among 14 hematology/oncology centers in eight countries shows over half of all bacteremic S. aureus isolates were MRSA, but the range was 18 to 100 % in adults and 0 to 26 % in children [2]. The risk of MRSA infection in neutropenic patients should be assessed according to the clinical presentation and local epidemiology [19].…”

“…Several specific ESBL-carrying plasmids, named CTX-Ms, currently represent the most predominant mechanism of resistance among GNB and are endemic in much of Asia, Europe, and South America [26]. Data from a large retrospective survey (2005 to 2011), primarily among European centers, revealed that ESBLs accounted for 34 % of Gram-negative bacteremic episodes in adult cancer patients, although regional incidence varied widely throughout Europe [2]. A recent study of 350 cases of E. coli bacteremia in cancer patients revealed that the overall 30-day mortality rate was higher among patients with ESBL E. coli bacteremia than for those with susceptible E. coli strains (22.1 vs. 12.2 %; p = 0.02) [27].…”