Aetiologies and therapeutic management of infertility in cows reared in high altitude tribal areas of Himachal Pradesh

Abstract

Infertile cows (664) reared in different tribal areas of Himachal Pradesh were examined thoroughly by rectal examination during infertility treatment camps and diagnosis of reproductive ailments was done to document the prevalence of different types of infertility. The highest prevalence was recorded for anestrus (44.27%) followed by endometritis (42.77%) and miscellaneous reproductive disorders (6.77%). Highest prevalence of anestrus conditions was recorded in Bharmour (51.72%) followed by Kinnaur (49.05%), Lahaul (47.76%) and Spiti (45.39%) areas whereas, lowest prevalence was recorded in Pangi (27.93%) region. After diagnosis, 189 cows were treated for different reproductive ailments; however, only 101 cows could be followed, and 70 responded to the treatment with success rate of 69.30%. Anestrus and endometritis were the most prevalent forms of infertility in cows of tribal areas and were successfully treated with their respective treatment regimen.

Comparative study on serum biochemical profiles during different states of reproduction in Jersey crossbred cows

“…Virmani et al (2011) [4] reported that AST were found (U/l) in anestrus (97.83±2.75) cows at 0 day, at the time of AI (128.33±8.01) and after 21 days of AI (127.83±6.06). According to Sharma et al (2022) [34] , in the Himachal Pradesh hills, anestrus cows had an overall concentration of AST of 81.41±3.70 (14.30-155.90) U/L. Chaurasia et al (2016) [35] reported that serum AST values in normal cyclic groups (85.093 U/L), repeat breeder (104.435 U/L), and anestrus (69.124 U/L) were recorded.…”

​Color Doppler Ultrasonographic Characteristics of Embryonic Development and Mortality in Dairy Cows

“…Embryonic mortality in the reproductively sound animals, is one of the major factors of reproductive failure, decreased fertility, delayed pregnancy in cattle, fewer calves born, reduced milk production and slower genetic progress, especially, in repeat breeder females with late embryonic mortality (Diskin et al 2016). Generally, fertilization rate with artificial insemination (AI) ranges from 85-90 per cent (Sreenan et al 2001;Sharma et al 2019), whereas, conception rate in dairy herds is about 52 per cent (Bansal et al 2019) and declines an additional 10 per cent in lactating dairy cows (W hitlock and Maxwell 2008). Embryos are most susceptible to mortality during their development from morula to blastocyst stage i.e.…”

Clinical and structural changes in reproductive organs and endocrine glands of sterile cows

“…The main cause of sterility in cows is diseases of reproductive organs [10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Thus, a careful study on pathomorphism of the reproductive system will allow to objectively defining the nature of this pathology [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25].…”