Aerosol optical characteristics and their vertical distributions under enhanced haze pollution events: effect of the regional transport of different aerosol types over eastern China

Sun, Tianze; Che, Huizheng; Qi, Bing; Wang, Yaqiang; Dong, Yunsheng; Xia, Xiangao; Wang, Hong; Gui, Ke; Zheng, Yu; Zhao, Huijia; Ma, Qiang; Du, Rongguang; Zhang, Xiaoye

doi:10.5194/acp-18-2949-2018

Cited by 74 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…With the recognition of the importance for climate, the aerosol optical properties have been obtained from ground-based monitoring networks worldwide; some of the major networks include, the Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET; Holben et al, 1998) and its sub-networks, the PHOtométrie pour le Traitement Opérationnel de Normalisation Satellitaire (PHOTONS), the Canadian Sun Photometer Network (AEROCAN), and the Iberian Network for aerosol measurements (RIMA; Goloub et al, 2007;Bokoye et al, 2001;Prats et al, 2011); the SKYrad Network (SKYNET; Takamura and Nakajima, 2004;Che et al, 2008); the Eu-ropean aerosol Lidar Network (EARLINET; Pappalardo et al, 2014); and the Global Atmosphere Watch Programmer-Precision Filter Radiometers network (GAW-PFR;Wehrli, 2002;Estellés et al, 2012). The China Aerosol Remote Sensing NETwork (CARSNET), the Chinese Sun Hazemeter Network (CSHNET), and the Sun-Sky Radiometer Observation Network (SONET) have been established to measure aerosol optical properties in China (Che et al, 2009aXin et al, 2007Li et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial distribution of aerosol microphysical and optical properties and direct radiative effect from the China Aerosol Remote Sensing Network

et al. 2019

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Abstract. Multi-year observations of aerosol microphysical and optical properties, obtained through ground-based remote sensing at 50 China Aerosol Remote Sensing Network (CARSNET) sites, were used to characterize the aerosol climatology for representative remote, rural, and urban areas over China to assess effects on climate. The annual mean effective radii for total particles (ReffT) decreased from north to south and from rural to urban sites, and high total particle volumes were found at the urban sites. The aerosol optical depth at 440 nm (AOD440 nm) increased from remote and rural sites (0.12) to urban sites (0.79), and the extinction Ångström exponent (EAE440–870 nm) increased from 0.71 at the arid and semi-arid sites to 1.15 at the urban sites, presumably due to anthropogenic emissions. Single-scattering albedo (SSA440 nm) ranged from 0.88 to 0.92, indicating slightly to strongly absorbing aerosols. Absorption AOD440 nm values were 0.01 at the remote sites versus 0.07 at the urban sites. The average direct aerosol radiative effect (DARE) at the bottom of atmosphere increased from the sites in the remote areas (−24.40 W m−2) to the urban areas (−103.28 W m−2), indicating increased cooling at the latter. The DARE for the top of the atmosphere increased from −4.79 W m−2 at the remote sites to −30.05 W m−2 at the urban sites, indicating overall cooling effects for the Earth–atmosphere system. A classification method based on SSA440 nm, fine-mode fraction (FMF), and EAE440–870 nm showed that coarse-mode particles (mainly dust) were dominant at the rural sites near the northwestern deserts, while light-absorbing, fine-mode particles were important at most urban sites. This study will be important for understanding aerosol climate effects and regional environmental pollution, and the results will provide useful information for satellite validation and the improvement of climate modelling.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial distribution of aerosol microphysical and optical properties and direct radiative effect from the China Aerosol Remote Sensing Network

et al. 2019

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“…S1 in the Supplement. These three sites all lie inside the polluted NCP region and are highly representative of the polluted background (Xu et al, 2011;Sun et al, 2018). Time periods, measured parameters, and corresponding instruments of individual campaign are listed in Table 1. During these field campaigns, except measurement for size-resolved chemical compositions, ambient particles were drawn in through a PM10 inlet (16.67 L/min), passed through a silica gel diffusion drier, and then were split into different instruments.…”

Section: Datasets Of Aerosol Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Method to retrieve cloud condensation nuclei number concentrations using lidar measurements

Tan¹,

Zhao²,

Yu³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Abstract. Determination of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) number concentrations at cloud base is important to constrain aerosol-cloud interactions. A new method to retrieve CCN number concentrations using backscatter and extinction profiles from multiwavelength Raman lidars is proposed. The method implements hygroscopic enhancements of backscatter/extinction with relative humidity to derive dry backscatter/extinction and humidogram parameters. Humidogram parameters, Ångström exponents, and lidar extinction-to-backscatter ratios are then linked to the ratio of CCN number concentration to dry backscatter/extinction coefficient (ARξ). This linkage is established based on the datasets simulated by Mie theory and κ-Köhler theory with in situ measured particle size distributions and chemical compositions. CCN number concentration can thus be calculated with ARξ and dry backscatter/extinction. An independent theoretical simulated datasets is used to validate this new method and results show that the retrieved CCN number concentrations at supersaturations of 0.07 %, 0.10 %, and 0.20 % are in good agreement with theoretical calculated values. Sensitivity tests indicate that retrieval error in CCN arise mostly from uncertainties in extinction coefficients and RH profiles. The proposed method improves CCN retrieval from lidar measurements and has great potential in deriving scarce long-term CCN data at cloud base which benefits aerosol-cloud interaction studies.

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“…Dust affects atmospheric dynamics, cloud formation, and air temperature (Evan et al 2008;Seinfeld and Pandis 2016;Kim et al 2017). Skyborne dusts are transported over long distance and degrade air quality by decreasing visibility and inducing cardiovascular and respiratory diseases (Ichinose et al 2008 Johnston et al 2011;Kang et al 2013;Crooks et al 2016;Kim et al 2017;Bi et al 2016;Sun et al 2018). Eastern Asia is one of the largest sources of dust worldwide with annual amounts of about 800 Tg atmospheric dust, frequently occurring in spring (Zhang et al 1997).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, Tong et al (2012) obtained aerosol concentration data from the interagency monitoring of protected visual environments network (IMPROVE) and analyzed the characteristics of dust storms in the western U.S.. The hybrid single-particle Lagrangian integrated trajectory model HYSPLIT has been used to identify the transport paths of dust storms (Yu et al 2014;Mamouri et al 2016;Jung et al 2017;Wang et al 2017;Sun et al 2018). The vertical structure of dust aerosols based on cloud-aerosol lidar with orthogonal polarization (CALIOP) is used to track dust storms on a global scale since June 2006 (Hunt et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-altitude and long-range transport of aerosols causing regional severe haze during extreme dust storms explains why afforestation does not prevent storms

et al. 2019

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et al.. High-altitude and long-range transport of aerosols causing regional severe haze during extreme dust storms explains why afforestation does not prevent storms. AbstractClimate change is predicted to induce more extreme events such as storms, heat waves, drought and floods. Dust storms are frequently occurring in northern China. Those storms degrade air quality by decreasing visibility and inducing cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. To control dust storms, the Chinese government has launched a large-scale afforestation program by planting trees in arid areas, but the effectiveness of this program is still uncertain because the trajectories and altitudes of dust transport are poorly known. In particular, afforestation would be effective only if dust transport occurs at low altitudes. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed the extreme dust storm from May 2 to 7, 2017, which resulted in record-breaking dust loads over northern China. For that, we used dust RGB-composite data from the Himawari-8 satellite and the cloud-aerosol lidar, moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer data, and surface monitoring data. The source regions of the dust storms were identified using the hybrid single-particle Lagrangian integrated trajectory model and infrared pathfinder satellite observation. Contrary to our hypothesis, results show that dust is transported at high altitude of 1.0-6.5 km over long distances from northwestern China. This finding explains why the afforestation has not been effective to prevent this storm. Results also disclose the highest particulate matter (PM) concentrations of 447.3 μg/m 3 for PM 2.5 and 1842.0 μg/m 3 for PM 10 during the dust storm. Those levels highly exceed Chinese ambient air quality standards of 75 μg/m 3 for PM 2.5 and 150 μg/m 3 for PM 10 .

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Aerosol optical characteristics and their vertical distributions under enhanced haze pollution events: effect of the regional transport of different aerosol types over eastern China

Cited by 74 publications

References 94 publications

Spatial distribution of aerosol microphysical and optical properties and direct radiative effect from the China Aerosol Remote Sensing Network

Spatial distribution of aerosol microphysical and optical properties and direct radiative effect from the China Aerosol Remote Sensing Network

Method to retrieve cloud condensation nuclei number concentrations using lidar measurements

High-altitude and long-range transport of aerosols causing regional severe haze during extreme dust storms explains why afforestation does not prevent storms

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