Aerosol Disinfection Capacity of Slightly Acidic Hypochlorous Acid Water Towards Newcastle Disease Virus in the Air: AnIn VivoExperiment

Sangsriratanakul

et al. 2016

Self Cite

The capacity of slightly acidic hypochlorous acid water (SAHW), in both liquid and spray form, to inactivate bacteria was evaluated as a potential candidate for biosecurity enhancement in poultry production. SAHW (containing 50 or 100 ppm chlorine, pH 6) was able to inactivate Escherichia coli and Salmonella Infantis in liquid to below detectable levels (≤2.6 log10 CFU/ml) within 5 sec of exposure. In addition, SAHW antibacterial capacity was evaluated by spraying it using a nebulizer into a box containing these bacteria, which were present on the surfaces of glass plates and rayon sheets. SAHW was able to inactivate both bacterial species on the glass plates (dry condition) and rayon sheets within 5 min spraying and 5 min contact times, with the exception of 50 ppm SAHW on the rayon sheets. Furthermore, a corrosivity test determined that SAHW does not corrode metallic objects, even at the longest exposure times (83 days). Our findings demonstrate that SAHW is a good candidate for biosecurity enhancement in the poultry industry. Spraying it on the surfaces of objects, eggshells, egg incubators and transport cages could reduce the chances of contamination and disease transmission. These results augment previous findings demonstrating the competence of SAHW as an anti-viral disinfectant.

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Inactivation of bacteria on surfaces by sprayed slightly acidic hypochlorous acid water: in vitro experiments

Hakim

Sangsriratanakul

et al. 2016

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“…Chlorine has been shown to kill micro-organisms within very short period (within 5 sec) [10] and this short period allowed chlorine to inactivate Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in the air [12]. However, in the presence of organic matter, the efficacies were diminished [1, 10, 12].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of bactericidal effects of sodium hypochlorite in chiller water with food additive grade calcium hydroxide

Toyofuku

Yamada

et al. 2017

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An alkaline agent, namely food additive grade calcium hydroxide (FdCa(OH)2) in solution at 0.17%, was evaluated for its bactericidal efficacies in chiller water with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) at a concentration of 200 ppm total residual chlorine. Without organic material presence, NaOCl could inactivate Salmonella Infantis and Escherichia coli within 5 sec, but in the presence of fetal bovine serum (FBS) at 0.5%, the bactericidal effects of NaOCl were diminished completely. FdCa(OH)2 solution required 3 min to inactivate bacteria with or without 5% FBS. When NaOCl and FdCa(OH)2 were mixed at the final concentration of 200 ppm and 0.17%, respectively, the mixed solution could inactivate bacteria at acceptable level (103 reduction of bacterial titer) within 30 sec in the presence of 0.5% FBS. The mixed solution also inhibited cross-contamination with S. Infantis or E. coli on chicken meats. It was confirmed and elucidated that FdCa(OH)2 has a synergistic effect together with NaOCl for inactivating microorganisms.

“…At RT and at 42°C, 200 ppm NaOCl inactivated L. pneumophilla to the undetectable level within 5 min in the absence of organic materials, whereas in the presence of organic materials it could not inactivate this bacterium to the undetectable level within 5 min (Tables 1and 2). Hakim et al [20] demonstrated that chlorine solution could inactivate micro-organisms within a very short time, and it was also shown that chlorine can inactivate Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in the air within a short period of time [17]. But, in the presence of organic materials, the inactivation efficacies of the chlorine solution were diminished [4, 17, 49].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bactericidal efficacies of food additive grade calcium hydroxide toward Legionella pneumophila

Takahashi

Ito

et al. 2019

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Food additive grade calcium hydroxide (FdCa(OH)2) in the solution of 0.17% was evaluated for its bactericidal efficacies toward Legionella pneumophila with or without sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) at a concentration of 200 ppm total residual chlorine, at room temperature (RT) (25°C ± 2°C) and 42°C, either with or without 5% fetal bovine serum (FBS). Besides, FdCa(OH)2 in different concentration solutions were prepared in field water samples (hot spring and bath tab water) and evaluated for their bactericidal efficacies at 42°C. FdCa(OH)2 (0.17%) inactivated the L. pneumophila to the undetectable level (<2.6 log CFU/ml) within 5 min and 3 min, respectively, at RT and 42°C, with 5% FBS. At RT and 42°C, NaOCl inactivated L. pneumophila to the undetectable level within 5 min, without 5% FBS, but with 5% FBS, it could only inactivate this bacterium effectively (≥3 log reductions). Conversely, at RT and 42°C, the mixture of 0.17% FdCa(OH)2 and 200 ppm NaOCl could inactivate L. pneumophila to the undetectable level, respectively, within 3 min and 1 min, even with 5% FBS, and it was elucidated that FdCa(OH)2 has a synergistic bactericidal effect together with NaOCl. FdCa(OH)2 0.05% solution prepared in hot spring water could inactivate L. pneumophila to the undetectable within 3 min at 42°C. So, FdCa(OH)2 alone could show nice bactericidal efficacy at 42°C, even with 5% FBS, as well as in field water samples.