Aerosol delivery of liposome-encapsulated ciprofloxacin: aerosol characterization and efficacy against Francisella tularensis infection in mice

Abstract

The aerosol delivery of liposome-encapsulated ciprofloxacin by using 12 commercially available jet nebulizers was evaluated in this study. Aerosol particles containing liposome-encapsulated ciprofloxacin generated by the nebulizers were analyzed with a laser aerodynamic particle sizer. Mean mass aerodynamic diameters (MMADs) and geometric standard deviations (GSDs) were determined, and the drug contents of the sampling filters from each run onto which aerosolized liposome-encapsulated ciprofloxacin had been deposited were analyzed spectrophotometrically. The aerosol particles of liposome-encapsulated ciprofloxacin generated by these nebulizers ranged from 1.94 to 3.5 m, with GSDs ranging from 1.51 to 1.84 m. The drug contents of the sampling filters exposed for 1 min to aerosolized liposome-encapsulated ciprofloxacin range from 12.7 to 40.5 g/ml (0.06 to 0.2 mg/filter). By using the nebulizer selected on the basis of most desirable MMADs, particle counts, and drug deposition, aerosolized liposome-encapsulated ciprofloxacin was used for the treatment of mice infected with 10 times the 50% lethal dose of Francisella tularensis. All mice treated with aerosolized liposome-encapsulated ciprofloxacin survived the infection, while all ciprofloxacin-treated or untreated control mice succumbed to the infection (P < 0.001). These results suggest that aerosol delivery of liposome-encapsulated ciprofloxacin to the lower respiratory tract is feasible and that it may provide an effective therapy for the treatment of respiratory tract infections.

Niosomes of Ascorbic Acid and α-Tocopherol in the Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Model in Male Rats

“…Increasing the amount of Chol from 30 to 50 mole percent reduced the EE% of α-tocopherol in both types of studied surfactants which was due to the competition between α-tocopherol and Chol molecules. Remote-loading procedure by using an ammonium sulfate gradient method [28] and complexation with arylsulfonates are two ways reported for intravesicular precipitate and enhancement of drug retention [29]. In our study, higher encapsulation efficiency of ascorbic acid was achieved by the remote-loading procedure by using calcium acetate gradient method (Table 2) compared to the other loading method ( P < 0.05).…”

Nanotechnology: Intelligent Design to Treat Complex Disease

“…They have proven to be of interest for readily accessible infected tissues such as the eye, wound, and lungs (180). This strategy was suggested in surgical wound prophylaxis (194,195), in the treatment of keratitis using liposomal formulation of tobramycin in eye drops (196), in the treatment of endophthalmitis by intravitreal injection of amikacin-loaded liposomes, and in lung infections by aerosol delivery of the liposomal formulation of antibiotics (197,198). Recently, a bioresorbable composite pellet of calcium sulfate and hydroxyapatite nanoparticles was studied as a material for local and sustained delivery of antibiotics in bone infections (199).…”

Inhaled medication and inhalation devices for lung disease in patients with cystic fibrosis: A European consensus

“…Aerosolization of ciprofloxacin as small particle aerosol or encapsulated in liposomes into guinea pigs, infected with Legionella pneumophilia [61], or in mice infected Francisella tularansis [62], prevented the death of the animals and suggested aerosol delivery to the lower respiratory tract of CF patients to be effective. When used with appropriate nebuliser devices liposomal disruption was minimal [245].…”