Aerosol black carbon at an urban site-Srinagar, Northwestern Himalaya, India: Seasonality, sources, meteorology and radiative forcing

Bhat, Mudasir Ahmad; Romshoo, Shakil Ahmad; Beig, Gufran

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.07.004

Cited by 76 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…There is a significant increase in BC (Figure 6(a)) of about 10.5 mg/m 2 per decade over the region from 1980 to 2010. This is mostly attributed to biomass burning in winter months as it has been reported by various researchers (Bhat et al 2017). Mishra and Rafiq (2017) reported 24% decline in snowfall over the study area with unit degree change in temperature and increase in BC concentration.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 57%

“…Aim of this study is to analyse the linkages between the land systems changes with both dynamic and thermodynamic factors including socio-economic parameters using Geographic Information System (GIS) to determine their impacts on the precious ecosystem of the area. Due to various changes in climate and socioeconomic set up in the area, it is facing many environmental problems which is driving the adaptation in the region (Rafiq, Rashid, and Romshoo 2014;Bhat et al 2017). One of the main patterns of conversion of land use is the conversion of agriculture into the horticulture and built-up which can be attributed to decline in precipitation and also horticulture produce more income than agriculture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On land-use and land-cover changes over Lidder Valley in changing environment

2018

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We have examined the land surface changes in the Lidder Valley of Kashmir in the context of socioeconomy, climate and environmental aspect using geoscience technology. It was found that there are large-scale changes in agriculture, horticulture and built-up in the subject area. Records for horticulture, agriculture and built-up were generated from satellite data. A geodatabase of socioeconomic data is examined and corelated with the land system changes. Furthermore, environmental driving factors like precipitation, temperature, snowfall and black carbon (BC) data were used to relate with the changes in LU/LC over the study area. This study reports decrease in agricultural area from 189.73 km2 in 1979 to 77.18 km2 in 2011 while the horticulture is increasing by 3 km2 annually from last three decades. With the increase of about 95% in horticulture, the concentration of BC has also increased. BC is showing a significant decadal increase of 10.5 mg/m2 which is mainly attributed to the biomass burning from horticulture waste. Rainfall, as well as snowfall over the study area, is decreasing by an amount of 2.95 and 15 mm per decade, respectively, and also their pattern is changing. These variations over the study area result in water scarcity forcing people to implement horticulture.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 57%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On land-use and land-cover changes over Lidder Valley in changing environment

2018

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“…There exists a well defined seasonal variation in CWC, with the maximum value during the monsoon months and minimum during winter months. Similar variations in columnar water vapor have been observed at other Indian locations [39][40][41][42]. It is seen that minimum CWC happens wihin the month of March and starts increasing till July and remains high throughout southwest monsoon months (June-September).…”

Section: Seasonal Variability In Columnar Water Vaporsupporting

confidence: 81%

Aerosol Studies over Central India

Shaeb¹

2019

Hydrocarbon Pollution and Its Effect on the Environment

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Earth's radiation budget and thus climate change are significantly influenced by natural and anthropogenic aerosols. Variability of aerosols both in space and time poses challenges to quantify their effects on cloud microphysical properties, precipitation and hydrological cycle. Black carbon (BC) aerosol besides having effects on human health, possess light absorbing nature and thus contribute in atmospheric radiative properties and interaction with clouds. Aerosol properties have been studied over Nagpur (79.028°E, 21.125°N) located in central India, using multi instruments such as multi wavelength radiometer, aethalometer, sunphotometer, balloon based GPS radiosonde, etc., during the study period of 2008-2014. Seasonal variability of different parameters such as aerosol optical depth, columnar water vapor, black carbon mass concentrations, mixed layer height, etc. will be discussed. MODIS aerosol and water vapor products have also been validated against ground based sunphotometer measurements. To understand the source apportionment HYSPLIT model back trajectories have been used. The chapter discusses the interesting aspect of seasonal variability of aerosol properties including monsoonal effects over the data sparse region of central India.

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“…A peak is observed around 07:00 LT, which is also the daytime with more variability in the data. Black carbon mass concentrations are associated with daily human activities; the peak around 07:00 LT and a second peak around the afternoon are found in some other urban places (Ramachandran and Rajesh, 2007) and occur due to the fumigation effect of the boundary layer, the gradual increase of anthropogenic activities, and a peak hour in traffic (Babu and Morthy, 2002;Safai et al, 2007;Bhat et al, 2017). Ganguly et al (2006) found that the maximum concentration during the morning correlates with the time of sunrise and remains 2 h later, and explained that the identical patterns that appear in all seasons are produced by the diurnal evolution of the atmospheric boundary, which remains low during morning hours, increases gradually, reaches a higher value at noon and begins to decrease at night.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Black carbon radiative forcing in south Mexico City, 2015

Cruz-Núñez¹

2019

Atm

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El carbono negro (CN) es un poderoso forzante radiativo. Debido a sus múltiples efectos en el cambio climático, el CN ha sido ubicado como el segundo factor de impacto del cambio climático en orden de importancia, sólo después del dióxido de carbono. Las fuentes de CN incluyen principalmente los vehículos a diésel y la quema de biomasa. Los compromisos de mitigación de México en el Acuerdo de París son, entre otros la reducción de emisiones de CN hasta un 51% en 2030, en comparación con las de 2000. Para conocer la contribución exacta del CN al inventario de emisiones de México es necesario estimar varias de las propiedades de este compuesto, como su forzamiento radiativo y sus efectos en el calentamiento de la atmósfera, entre otros. En este trabajo se utilizó una técnica basada en los datos disponibles tanto de teledetección como de mediciones en superficie, junto con el programa Optical Properties of Aerosols and Clouds (OPAC) y el algoritmo Santa Barbara DISORT Atmospheric Radiative Transfer (SBDART) para estimar el forzamiento radiativo del carbono negro en el sur de la Ciudad de México durante 2015. Las mediciones en tierra se tomaron de una red de monitoreo recientemente creada, la Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET), y las mediciones satelitales se obtuvieron del Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS). Las concentraciones mensuales de carbono negro a lo largo de 2015 fluctuaron entre 1.9 y 4.1 μg/m 3. Los resultados muestran que el forzamiento radiativo promedio mensual en la parte superior de la atmósfera sobre el sur de la Ciudad de México durante 2015 fue de +30.2 ± 6.2 W m-2. Los meses de noviembre, diciembre y enero presentaron los valores de forzamiento radiativo más altos (+34.9, +46.9, +34.0, respectivamente). Además, las estimaciones de calentamiento atmosférico muestran un valor promedio anual de 0.85 ± 0.22 W m-2. Los valores del coeficiente Ångström > 1, tal como se obtuvieron en este trabajo, indican que los aerosoles son de tipo urbano y fueron emitidos recientemente. Además, los valores bajos del albedo de dispersión simple en longitudes de onda crecientes muestran que los aerosoles son principalmente del tipo urbano-industriales.

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Aerosol black carbon at an urban site-Srinagar, Northwestern Himalaya, India: Seasonality, sources, meteorology and radiative forcing

Cited by 76 publications

References 57 publications

On land-use and land-cover changes over Lidder Valley in changing environment

On land-use and land-cover changes over Lidder Valley in changing environment

Aerosol Studies over Central India

Black carbon radiative forcing in south Mexico City, 2015

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