Aeropyrum pernix gen. nov., sp. nov., a Novel Aerobic Hyperthermophilic Archaeon Growing at Temperatures up to 100 C

Sako, Yoshihiko; Nomura, Norimichi; Uchida, Aritsune; Ishida, Yūzaburō; Morii, Hiroyuki; Koga, Yosuke; Hoaki, Toshihiro; Maruyama, Tadashi

doi:10.1099/00207713-46-4-1070

Cited by 269 publications

(187 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…pernix K1 (DSM 11879) was grown aerobically at 90°C in a 100-l Biostat fermenter on a complex medium as described (35) except that artificial sea water was used instead of Biomaris water, and 1 g of starch was added per liter. Cells were grown and harvested (after 17 h) at the late exponential growth phase.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bifunctional Phosphoglucose/Phosphomannose Isomerases from the Archaea Aeropyrum pernix and Thermoplasma acidophilum Constitute a Novel Enzyme Family within the Phosphoglucose Isomerase Superfamily

Hansen

Wendorff

Schönheit

2004

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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The hyperthermophilic crenarchaeon Aeropyrum pernix contains phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI) activity. However, obvious homologs with significant identity to known PGIs could not be identified in the sequenced genome of this organism. The PGI activity from A. pernix was purified and characterized. Kinetic analysis revealed that, unlike all known PGIs, the enzyme catalyzed reversible isomerization not only of glucose 6-phosphate but also of epimeric mannose 6-phosphate at similar catalytic efficiency, thus defining the protein as bifunctional phosphoglucose/phosphomannose isomerase (PGI/PMI). The gene pgi/pmi encoding PGI/PMI (open reading frame APE0768) was identified by matrixassisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight analyses; the gene was overexpressed in Escherichia coli as functional PGI/PMI. Putative PGI/PMI homologs were identified in several (hyper)thermophilic archaea and two bacteria. The homolog from Thermoplasma acidophilum (Ta1419) was overexpressed in E. coli, and the recombinant enzyme was characterized as bifunctional PGI/PMI. PGI/PMIs showed low sequence identity to the PGI superfamily and formed a distinct phylogenetic cluster. However, secondary structure predictions and the presence of several conserved amino acids potentially involved in catalysis indicate some structural and functional similarity to the PGI superfamily. Thus, we propose that bifunctional PGI/PMI constitutes a novel protein family within the PGI superfamily.Phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI 1 ; EC 5.3.1.9) catalyzes the reversible isomerization of glucose 6-phosphate to fructose 6-phosphate. PGI plays a central role in sugar metabolism of eukarya, bacteria, and Archaea both in glycolysis via the Embden-Meyerhof pathway in eukarya and bacteria and in its modified versions found in Archaea. PGI is also involved in gluconeogenesis where the enzyme operates in the reverse direction (for the literature see Refs. 1-3). PGIs from the domains of eukarya and bacteria are well studied enzymes. A variety of PGIs have been purified and biochemically characterized, and the encoding genes have been cloned and sequenced (e.g. Refs. 4 -11). Crystal structures have been determined for the eukaryotic PGIs from pig, rabbit, human, and from the bacterium Bacillus stearothermophilus, and conserved amino acids proposed to be involved in substrate binding and/or catalysis have been identified (12-15, 17, 18, 20 -25). The eukaryal and bacterial PGIs belong to the PGI superfamily defined by its two conserved signature patternsTo date this superfamily includes more than 300 PGI sequences (see www.sanger.ac.uk/cgi-bin/Pfam/getacc?PF00342) (26) from bacteria and eukarya but only three from the archaeal domain. These include the PGI from the hyperthermophilic euryarchaeon Methanococcus jannaschii (MjPGI). This PGI has recently been characterized as the first archaeal member of the PGI superfamily. 2 So far little is known about other archaeal PGIs. Recently, two other euryarchaeal PGIs have been characterized, one from the hyperthermophilic euryarch...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bifunctional Phosphoglucose/Phosphomannose Isomerases from the Archaea Aeropyrum pernix and Thermoplasma acidophilum Constitute a Novel Enzyme Family within the Phosphoglucose Isomerase Superfamily

Hansen

Wendorff

Schönheit

2004

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…The phylum Crenarchaeota currently comprises the orders Sulfolobales, Thermoproteales and Desulfurococcales, which are well-supported by 16S rDNA sequence data and by phenotypic properties, such as cell morphology and lipid composition (Burggraf et al, 1997;Reysenbach, 2001). Members of the order Desulfurococcales are coccoid or disc-shaped, strictly anaerobic [except for Aeropyrum pernix (Sako et al, 1996)] and neutrophilic or weakly acidophilic, growing optimally at pH 5?5-7?5 (Huber & Stetter, 2001). Two families, Desulfurococcaceae and Pyrodictiaceae, are known in the order Desulfurococcales.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caldisphaera lagunensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel thermoacidophilic crenarchaeote isolated from a hot spring at Mt Maquiling, Philippines

Itoh

Suzuki

Sanchez

et al. 2003

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

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Caldisphaera lagunensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel thermoacidophilic crenarchaeote isolated from a hot spring at Mt Maquiling, Philippines Four novel, thermoacidophilic, crenarchaeotic cocci that grew anaerobically and heterotrophically were isolated from an acidic hot spring in the Philippines; two representative strains were characterized in detail. Most cells were regular cocci, 0?8-1?1 mm in width, which occurred singly or in pairs. They were non-motile and grew at 45-80˚C (optimum 70-75˚C) and pH 2?3-5?4 (optimum 3?5-4?0). They utilized starch, glycogen, gelatin, beef extract, yeast extract and peptone as carbon and energy sources. Growth was stimulated by the presence of sulfur as an electron acceptor. The lipid fraction contained cyclic and acyclic tetraether core lipids. The DNA G+C content was 31 mol%; phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA sequences showed that the novel cocci represent an independent lineage in the phylum Crenarchaeota, distantly related to Acidilobus aceticus and an allied strain, NC12. Caldisphaera lagunensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed to accommodate the four strains. The type strain is

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“…However, the complete genome analysis did not reveal the presence of genes encoding glycoside hydrolases or known exo/endobeta-1,4-glucanases (Mardanov et al, 2012), suggesting either the existence of novel mechanisms of cellulose hydrolysis in strain 1633 T or the utilization of unidentified thermal degradation products of cellulose by this organism. The ability to grow on biopolymers (proteins and carbohydrates) was previously reported for several representatives of the family Desulfurococcaceae (Bonch- Osmolovskaya et al, 1988;Sako et al, 1996;Perevalova et al, 2005;Kublanov et al, 2009;Bidzhieva et al, 2014). Strain 1633 T is a novel member of the order Thermoproteales that shares this capability.…”

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confidence: 99%

Thermogladius calderae gen. nov., sp. nov., an anaerobic, hyperthermophilic crenarchaeote from a Kamchatka hot spring

Kochetkova¹,

Kublanov²,

Toshchakov

et al. 2016

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

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An obligately anaerobic, hyperthermophilic, organoheterotrophic archaeon, strain 1633 T , was isolated from a terrestrial hot spring of the Uzon Caldera (Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia). Cells were regular cocci, 0.5-0.9 mm in diameter, with one flagellum. The temperature range for growth was 80-95 8C, with an optimum at 84 8C. Strain 1633 T grew on yeast extract, beef extract, peptone, cellulose and cellobiose. No growth was detected on other sugars or carbohydrates, organic acids, or under autotrophic conditions. The only detected growth products were CO 2 , acetate, and H 2 . The growth rate was stimulated by elemental sulfur, which was reduced to hydrogen sulfide. The in silico-calculated G+C content of the genomic DNA of strain 1633 T was 55.64 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis placed strain 1633 T together with the non-validly published 'Thermogladius shockii' strain WB1 in a separate genus-level cluster within the family Desulfurococcaceae. Average nucleotide identity (ANI) results revealed 75.72 % identity between strain 1633 T and 'Thermogladius shockii' WB1. Based on these results we propose a novel genus and species with the name Thermogladius calderae gen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain of the type species is 1633 T (5DSM 22663 T 5VKM B-2946 T ).The vast majority of cultured Crenarchaeota have been isolated from terrestrial geothermal environments (Huber & Stetter, 2006). Located in Far East of Russia, Kamchatka Peninsula is a volcanically active area with hundreds of associated volcanoes and areas with geothermal activity, among which Uzon Caldera is the largest. Molecular studies have documented the presence of a significant number of cultured and uncultured Crenarchaeota in Uzon Caldera thermal pools. It was reported that Crenarchaeota inhabited not only high-temperature springs (Wemheuer et al., 2013;Chernyh et al., 2015), but also springs with moderate temperatures (Perevalova et al., 2008;Burgess et al., 2012;Menzel et al., 2015). At the time of writing, many thermophilic and hyperthermophilic crenarchaeotes have been isolated from hot springs of Uzon Caldera, including members of genera Desulfurococcus Slobodkina et al., 2015). Here we report the isolation of strain 1633 T obtained from a hot spring of the Uzon Caldera, and found to be closely related to 'Thermogladius shockii', a species with a name that was effectively, but never validly, published (Osburn & Amend, 2011).Strain 1633 T was isolated from a sample of mixed water and black mud from a freshwater hot spring (548 30.0479 N 1598 56.8519 E) located in the West Thermal Field of Uzon Caldera. The in situ water temperature and Abbreviations: ANI, average nucleotide identity; GDGT, glycerol dibiphytanyl glycerol tetraether.The GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ accession number for the complete genome sequence of Thermogladius calderae 1633 T is CP003531. The genome sequencing project of 'Thermogladius shockii' WB1 is available in the GenBank/EMBL/DDBJ databases under accession number PRJEB12686.

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Aeropyrum pernix gen. nov., sp. nov., a Novel Aerobic Hyperthermophilic Archaeon Growing at Temperatures up to 100 C

Cited by 269 publications

References 30 publications

Bifunctional Phosphoglucose/Phosphomannose Isomerases from the Archaea Aeropyrum pernix and Thermoplasma acidophilum Constitute a Novel Enzyme Family within the Phosphoglucose Isomerase Superfamily

Bifunctional Phosphoglucose/Phosphomannose Isomerases from the Archaea Aeropyrum pernix and Thermoplasma acidophilum Constitute a Novel Enzyme Family within the Phosphoglucose Isomerase Superfamily

Caldisphaera lagunensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel thermoacidophilic crenarchaeote isolated from a hot spring at Mt Maquiling, Philippines

Thermogladius calderae gen. nov., sp. nov., an anaerobic, hyperthermophilic crenarchaeote from a Kamchatka hot spring

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