Aerobic swimming performance of juvenile Schizothorax chongi (Pisces, Cyprinidae) in the Yalong River, southwestern China

Tu, Zhiying; Yuan, Xin; Han, Jie; Shi, Xiaotao; Huang, Yuyang; Johnson, David M.

doi:10.1007/s10750-011-0809-y

Cited by 20 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…Figure indicates that COT decreases with increasing U and was consistent with other studies (Tu et al, ). This was because RMR was constant and accounted for a larger proportion of MO 2 at low swimming speeds.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Swimming Capability and Swimming Behavior of Juvenile Acipenser schrenckii

et al. 2013

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Acipenser schrenckii, the Amur Sturgeon, was a commercially valuable fish species inhabiting the Amur (Heilongjiang) River but populations have rapidly declined in recent years. Dams impede A. schrenckii spawning migration and wild populations were critically endangered. Building fishways helped maintain fish populations but data on swimming performance and behavior was crucial for fishway design. To obtain such data on A. schrenckii, a laboratory study of juvenile A. schrenckii (n = 18, body mass = 32.7 ± 1.2 g, body length = 18.8 ± 0.3 cm) was conducted using a stepped velocity test carried out in a fish respirometer equipped with a high-speed video camera at 20°C. Results indicate: (1) The counter-current swimming capability of A. schrenckii was low with critical swimming speed of 1.96 ± 0.10 BL/sec. (2) When a linear function was fitted to the data, oxygen consumption, as a function of swimming speed, was determined to be MO2 = 337.29 + 128.10U (R(2) = 0.971, P < 0.001) and the power value (1.0) of U indicated high swimming efficiency. (3) Excess post-exercise oxygen cost was 48.44 mgO2 /kg and indicated excellent fatigue recovery. (4) Cost of transport decreased slowly with increased swimming speed. (5) Increased swimming speed led to increases in the tail beat frequency and stride length. This investigation contributed to the basic science of fish swimming behavior and provided data required for the design of fishways. Innovative methods have allowed cultivation of the species in the Yangtze River and, if effective fishways could be incorporated into the design of future hydropower projects on the Amur River, it would contribute to conservation of wild populations of A. schrenckii. The information provided here contributes to the international effort to save this critically endangered species. J. Exp. Zool. 319A:149-155, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Swimming Capability and Swimming Behavior of Juvenile Acipenser schrenckii

et al. 2013

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“…These times were selected based on previous reports indicating that (1) metabolic rate increases significantly up to 12 h after feeding (McKenzie et al 2003, (2) complete digestion requires ~2 d (Tu et al 2011, and (3) fish are strongly affected by 2 wk of food deprivation (Bilton & Robins 1973, Agius & Roberts 1981.…”

Section: Test Fish Acclimation and Dietmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The construction of fish ladders is an engineering approach for mitigating impacts on fish migration. Nonetheless, an effective design requires knowledge of fish biology (Yagci 2010), specifically swimming performance, which includes swimming behavior and capability as well as the metabolic changes associated with swimming (Ohlberger et al 2007, Tu et al 2011.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interrelationships between feeding, food deprivation and swimming performance in juvenile grass carp

Cai¹,

Fang²,

Johnson³

et al. 2014

Aquat. Biol.

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The present study investigated the interrelationships between feeding, food deprivation and swimming performance in juvenile grass carp Ctenopharynodon idellus. Oxygen consumption, as a function of swimming speed, was determined by fitting data to a power function. Speed exponents from oxygen consumption functions were 1.46, 1.23 and 1.91 with time after feeding of 6 h, 2 d and 2 wk, respectively, which indicated that swimming efficiency increased after digestion was complete and decreased with extended food deprivation. Excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) increased slightly with time after feeding, and recovery time varied between 1 and 1.5 h after fatigue. The contribution of anaerobic metabolism began at swimming speeds 28.3 to 40.2% of critical swimming speed (U crit ) and increased with time after feeding. Both optimal swimming speed and critical swimming speed decreased with time after feeding. The metabolic scope of grass carp decreased for at least 6 h after feeding (384 mg O 2 kg -1 h -1 ). It nearly doubled after 2 d (727 mg O 2 kg -1 h -1 ) and then declined after 2 wk throughout the duration of food deprivation (420 mg O 2 kg -1 h -1 ). In conclusion, feeding and food deprivation affected swimming efficiency, metabolism (both aerobic and anaerobic) and swimming capability, with only slight effects on EPOC and recovery time. The results of the present study provide information which will assist in the design of fish ladders and resting pools and thus support fish migration and conservation of biodiversity.

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“…The output is habitat suitability index (HSI). The membership degree functions and fuzzy inference rules were initially set up based on the results of flume experiments (Tu et al, 2011). Field investigation data and partial flume experiment data were used to improve the membership degree functions and the rule sets.…”

Section: The Ecological Flow By Habitat Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecologically-friendly operation scheme for the Jinping cascaded reservoirs in the Yalongjiang River, China

Duan

Chen

et al. 2013

Front. Earth Sci.

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Ecologically-friendly reservoir operation procedures aim to conserve key ecosystem properties in the rivers, while minimizing the sacrifice of socioeconomic interests. This study focused on the Jinping cascaded reservoirs as a case study. An optimization model was developed to explore a balance between the ecological flow requirement (EFR) of a target fish species (Schizothorax chongi) in the dewatered natural channel section, and annual power production. The EFR for the channel was determined by the Tennant method and a fish habitat model, respectively. The optimization model was solved by using an adaptive real-coded genetic algorithm. Several operation scenarios corresponding to the ecological flow series were evaluated using the optimization model. Through comparisons, an optimal operational scheme, which combines relatively low power production loss with a preferred ecological flow regime in the dewatered channel, is proposed for the cascaded reservoirs. Under the recommended scheme, the discharge into the Dahewan river reach in the dry season ranges from 36 to 50 m 3 /s. This will enable at least 50% of the target fish habitats in the channel to be conserved, at a cost of only 2.5% annual power production loss. The study demonstrates that the use of EFRs is an efficient approach to the optimization of reservoir operation in an ecologically friendly way. Similar modeling, for other important fish species and ecosystem functions, supplemented by field validation of results, is needed in order to secure the long-term conservation of the affected river ecosystem.

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Aerobic swimming performance of juvenile Schizothorax chongi (Pisces, Cyprinidae) in the Yalong River, southwestern China

Cited by 20 publications

References 36 publications

Swimming Capability and Swimming Behavior of Juvenile Acipenser schrenckii

Swimming Capability and Swimming Behavior of Juvenile Acipenser schrenckii

Interrelationships between feeding, food deprivation and swimming performance in juvenile grass carp

Ecologically-friendly operation scheme for the Jinping cascaded reservoirs in the Yalongjiang River, China

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