Aerobic exercise ameliorates cognitive function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

Zheng, Guohua; Xia, Rui; Zhou, Wenji; Tao, Jing; Chen, Lidian

doi:10.1136/bjsports-2015-095699

Cited by 216 publications

(137 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(67 reference statements)

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“…Although higher levels of physical activity are associated with reduced disease progression in MCI,73 it is important to know how exercise interventions delay or reverse cognitive decline in a population where activity levels may be low. Previous meta-analyses have shown both negligible8 and positive11 effects on cognitive function in populations with MCI. Although it is not clear whether exercise is more or less effective in cognitively impaired or intact patients, the results of our analysis provide additional evidence that physical exercise has a positive effect on cognitive function in patients with MCI.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Exercise interventions for cognitive function in adults older than 50: a systematic review with meta-analysis

et al. 2017

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background Physical exercise is seen as a promising intervention to prevent or delay cognitive decline in individuals aged 50 years and older, yet the evidence from reviews is not conclusive. Objectives To determine if physical exercise is effective in improving cognitive function in this population. Design Systematic review with multilevel meta-analysis. Data sources Electronic databases Medline (PubMed), EMBASE (Scopus), PsychINFO and CENTRAL (Cochrane) from inception to November 2016. Eligibility criteria Randomised controlled trials of physical exercise interventions in community-dwelling adults older than 50 years, with an outcome measure of cognitive function. Results The search returned 12 820 records, of which 39 studies were included in the systematic review. Analysis of 333 dependent effect sizes from 36 studies showed that physical exercise improved cognitive function (0.29; 95% CI 0.17 to 0.41; p<0.01). Interventions of aerobic exercise, resistance training, multicomponent training and tai chi, all had significant point estimates. When exercise prescription was examined, a duration of 45-60 min per session and at least moderate intensity, were associated with benefits to cognition. The results of the meta-analysis were consistent and independent of the cognitive domain tested or the cognitive status of the participants. Conclusions Physical exercise improved cognitive function in the over 50s, regardless of the cognitive status of participants. To improve cognitive function, this meta-analysis provides clinicians with evidence to recommend that patients obtain both aerobic and resistance exercise of at least moderate intensity on as many days of the week as feasible, in line with current exercise guidelines.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Exercise interventions for cognitive function in adults older than 50: a systematic review with meta-analysis

et al. 2017

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“…For instance, physical exercise has been shown to significantly improve global cognition, along with working memory and attentional processes, in both clinical and healthy populations (Firth et al, 2016;Smith et al, 2010, Zheng et al, 2016. Interventions can also be designed to target cognition directly, as computerized training programs for memory and other functions have been found to provide significant cognitive benefits, at least in the short term (Hill et al, 2016;Melby-Lervåg and Hulme, 2013).…”

Section: Various Neuropsychological Tests Have Been Developed As Toolmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of active video games on cognitive functioning in clinical and non-clinical populations: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Stanmore

Stubbs

Vancampfort

et al. 2017

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

292

209

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Physically-active video games ('exergames') have recently gained popularity for leisure and entertainment purposes. Using exergames to combine physical activity and cognitively-demanding tasks may offer a novel strategy to improve cognitive functioning. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to establish effects of exergames on overall cognition and specific cognitive domains in clinical and non-clinical populations. We identified 17 eligible RCTs with cognitive outcome data for 926 participants. Random-effects meta-analyses found exergames significantly improved global cognition (g=0.436, 95% CI=0.18-0.69, p=0.001). Significant effects still existed when excluding waitlist-only controlled studies, and when comparing to physical activity interventions. Furthermore, benefits of exergames where observed for both healthy older adults and clinical populations with conditions associated with neurocognitive impairments (all p<0.05). Domain-specific analyses found exergames improved executive functions, attentional processing and visuospatial skills. The findings present the first meta-analytic evidence for effects of exergames on cognition. Future research must establish which patient/treatment factors influence efficacy of exergames, and explore neurobiological mechanisms of action.

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“…Physical exercise has been shown to be effective in improving the cognitive functioning in different groups like healthy subjects [70,71], individuals suffering from mild CI [72], dementia [73], schizophrenia, and affective disorders [74]. There is a small number of studies, which investigated the effect of physical exercise on neurocognition in MDD.…”

Section: Physical Exercise Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Impairment Along the Course of Depression: Non-Pharmacological Treatment Options

et al. 2018

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Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders, with a large global impact on both the individual and the society. In this narrative review, we summarize neurocognitive deficits during acute and (partially) remitted states of depression. Furthermore, we outline the potential negative effect of cognitive impairment (CI) on functional recovery, and discuss the role of several variables in the development of CI for MDD patients. Though there is cumulating evidence regarding persistent CI in unipolar depression, research on treatment options specific for this patient group is still scarce. Hence the central aim of our review is to present non-pharmacological interventions, which are thought to reduce CI in affected MDD patients. We discuss cognitive remediation therapy (CRT), physical exercise, yoga, mindfulness-based therapy, and modern neuromodulation approaches like neurostimulation and neurofeedback training. In conclusion, we propose future directions for research on CI in depression. Looking further ahead, we suggest creative interventional designs that include a direct comparison of different non-pharmacological treatment approaches on neurocognition and functional outcome of MDD. Furthermore, additive and synergistic effects of CRT with other treatment approaches should be examined and compared to create multimodal and even personalized intervention programs.

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Aerobic exercise ameliorates cognitive function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

Abstract: Aerobic exercise led to an improvement in global cognitive ability and had a positive effect with a small effect size on memory in people with MCI. However, owing to the limitations of the included studies, these findings should be interpreted cautiously.

Cited by 216 publications

References 51 publications

Exercise interventions for cognitive function in adults older than 50: a systematic review with meta-analysis

Exercise interventions for cognitive function in adults older than 50: a systematic review with meta-analysis

The effect of active video games on cognitive functioning in clinical and non-clinical populations: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Cognitive Impairment Along the Course of Depression: Non-Pharmacological Treatment Options

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