Aerial activity of linyphiid spiders: modelling dispersal distances from meteorology and behaviour

Thomas, C. F. G.; Brain, Paul F.; Jepson, P. C.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2664.2003.00844.x

Cited by 88 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 27 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…Much richer and much more complex computer models for the spider evolution in a heterogeneous landscape have been proposed in the literature, see [16,17,18,19,21] for instance. Mainly, they are aimed at simulating the Danish farmland, by using a very extensive grid of cells each modelling a possibly different habitat and introducing in each patch a spider population composed of individuals in various states of development.…”

Section: Ecological Consequencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modelling the spiders ballooning effect on the vineyard ecology

Venturino

Isaia

Bona

et al. 2006

Math. Model. Nat. Phenom.

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Abstract. We consider an ecosystem in which spiders may be transported by the wind from vineyards into the surrounding woods and vice versa. The model takes into account this tranport phenomenon without building space explicitly into the governing equations. The equilibria of the dynamical system are analyzed together with their stability, showing that bifurcations may occur. Then the effects of indiscriminated spraying to keep pests under control is also investigated via suitable simulations.

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Section: Ecological Consequencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Meteorological and farming data are used for the dispersal model, which are in support also of our assumptions. Indeed under suitable good weather conditions, ballooning can disperse the spiders up to 30 km downwind in just a few hours, [16].…”

Section: Ecological Consequencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the spiders ballooning effect on the vineyard ecology

Venturino

Isaia

Bona

et al. 2006

Math. Model. Nat. Phenom.

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“…18). Ballooning spiders take off attached to the silk thread and can travel for distances of up to several hundred meters (19). When they rappel, spiders attach a thread to the substrate before takeoff, with the thread remaining attached while the spider bridges short distances.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal conditions during juvenile development affect adult dispersal in a spider

Bonte

Travis

Clercq

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

102

111

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Understanding the causes and consequences of dispersal is a prerequisite for the effective management of natural populations. Rather than treating dispersal as a fixed trait, it should be considered a plastic process that responds to both genetic and environmental conditions. Here, we consider how the ambient temperature experienced by juvenile Erigone atra, a spider inhabiting crop habitat, influences adult dispersal. This species exhibits 2 distinct forms of dispersal, ballooning (long distance) and rappelling (short distance). Using a half-sib design we raised individuals under 4 different temperature regimes and quantified the spiders' propensity to balloon and to rappel. Additionally, as an indicator of investment in settlement, we determined the size of the webs build by the spiders following dispersal. The optimal temperature regimes for reproduction and overall dispersal investment were 20°C and 25°C. Propensity to perform short-distance movements was lowest at 15°C, whereas for long-distance dispersal it was lowest at 30°C. Plasticity in dispersal was in the direction predicted on the basis of the risks associated with seasonal changes in habitat availability; long-distance ballooning occurred more frequently under cooler, spring-like conditions and short-distance rappelling under warmer, summer-like conditions. Based on these findings, we conclude that thermal conditions during development provide juvenile spiders with information about the environmental conditions they are likely to encounter as adults and that this information influences the spider's dispersal strategy. Climate change may result in suboptimal adult dispersal behavior, with potentially deleterious population level consequences.behavior ͉ body condition ͉ plasticity ͉ reaction norm ͉ silk T he movement of dispersing individuals or propagules may have important consequences for gene flow, the genetic cohesions of species, the global persistence of species in the face of local extinction, speciation, inbreeding depression, the evolution of sociality, and the evolution of life history traits (1-7). The dispersal phenotype is predominantly treated as a fixed property in theoretical studies dealing with dispersal evolution and its consequences for population persistence in changing environments (1). However, empirical work has demonstrated high levels of dispersal plasticity (1). This is as expected according to the hypothesis that unless variation in habitat quality is highly unpredictable or information acquisition is costly (1, 3), the most successful strategy over evolutionary time has been for individuals to make dispersal decisions based on information (8) obtained during their lifetime (i.e., for individuals to adopt a conditional strategy). There is mounting evidence that strong selection pressures emerging from global change (i.e., land use changes, climate change, species invasions, pollution) are influencing the evolution of dispersal rate and dispersal distance (1).Correlative and experimental studies have demonstrated rapid evo...

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“…For example, occasionally there is high incidence (nearly 60%) of parasitism of syrphid larvae (Smith and Chaney 2007) (Weyman, Sunderland, and Jepson 2002;Thomas, Brain, and Jepson 2003). Subsequent dispersal between fields may also occur during the growing season.…”

Section: Predatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%