Aeolian Material Migration in Transbaikalia (Asian Russia)

Abstract

We revealed regional features of functioning of a large Transbaikalian aeolian morphodynamic system. Natural pre-conditions, current realities and factors of development of aeolian processes are investigated. The paper considers regularities of spatial distribution of deflation, transit, and aeolian accumulation zones. Main directions of aeolian migration of matter are determined. Pulsating nature of aeolian processes development in Holocene has been established. Identified are intrasecular cycles and Holocene dynamics of aeolian processes. We identified intrasecular (11, 27–35 years old), secular (80 year old) and Holocene (500, 2000 year old) cycles of aeolian process dynamics. The paper shows the influence of anthropogenic activity on the activation of aeolian migration of material for the historical period. It presents an overview of extreme aeolian events. Regionalization of Transbaikalia was carried out according to the degree of probable desertification of the territory due to development of aeolian processes. Areas of catastrophic manifestation of processes are highlighted. The results of long-term experimental observations of deflation and aeolian accumulation are presented. Particular attention is paid to the characteristics of the aeolian corridors. The important role of aeolian processes in the intensive material transport from Transbaikalia to the south and southeast to neighboring regions of Mongolia and China is shown.

The Functioning of Erosion-channel Systems of the River Basins of the South of Eastern Siberia

“…Channel processes in these basins vary widely. Natural processes, including the aeolian migration of matter, have an active influence on their course [46]. To determine the influence degree of the geological and geomorphological structure of the territory, hydrological conditions, and natural processes of channel development on dynamics of channel deformations, we analyzed the morphological changes of channels of the Lena river (upper course and flat-platform part) and Irkut (Tunkinskaya depression, Baikal rift zone, and the Irkutsk-Cheremkhovo plain of the Siberian platform in the lower reaches) over a 100-year period.…”