1988
DOI: 10.1080/00913367.1988.10673126
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Advertising's Immediate and Delayed Influence on Brand Attitudes: Considerations across Message-Involvement Levels

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Cited by 152 publications
(100 citation statements)
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“…We measured overall brand evaluation with three items. The first item was measured on a semantic differential scale anchored at "very negative/very positive" (Muehling and Laczniak, 1988). The second item captured respondents' willingness to engage in positive word-of-mouth communication about the brand.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…We measured overall brand evaluation with three items. The first item was measured on a semantic differential scale anchored at "very negative/very positive" (Muehling and Laczniak, 1988). The second item captured respondents' willingness to engage in positive word-of-mouth communication about the brand.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Involvement. Self-reported involvement with the message was measured on a four item, seven-point scale that has been shown to be reliable and valid in previous advertising research (Muehling & Laczniak, 1988;Yoon, Bolls, & Muehling, 1999). Participants were asked to indicate the degree to which they "paid attention to," "concentrated on," and "put thought into evaluating the messages in the advertisement," as well as how relevant to their needs they perceived the advertisement to be.…”
Section: Dependent Variablesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This goes against certain researchers such as Muehling and Lacziniak (1988) who privileged advertisements with fictitious brand names to not bias study's results.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 85%