Adversity in childhood is linked to mental and physical health throughout life

Nelson, Charles A.; Scott, Richard D.; Bhutta, Zulfiqar A; Harris, Nadine Burke; Danese, Andrea; Samara, Muthanna

doi:10.1136/bmj.m3048

Cited by 358 publications

(331 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Childhood exposure to adverse childhood events (ACEs) and pathways to adult outcomes (from Nelson, et al Adversity in childhood is linked to mental and physical health through life. BMJ 2020, 371, m3048 [43]…”

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confidence: 99%

The Role of Stress in Breast Cancer Incidence: Risk Factors, Interventions, and Directions for the Future

Bowen

Poole²,

White

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Stress is a common belief among breast cancer patients and the public to explain variation in breast cancer incidence. Epidemiological studies interrogating the relationship between stress and cancer have reported mixed results. The impact of the topic and the lack of consensus has sparked this review of the literature to investigate gaps in knowledge and identify areas of research. We first present a brief summary of the biopsychosocial model generally used to conduct research on stress. We then divide the overview of the literature into areas of research focus. These include the role of distressing life events in breast cancer incidence, the role of adverse childhood events in later breast cancer incidence, the importance of race and socioeconomic status (SES) as social determinants of breast cancer incidence, and the specific role of chronic stress in relation to breast cancer. For each topic, we discuss the potential of stress as a risk factor and possible intervention strategies that could reduce the effects of stress. We then identify further research questions to be probed to fill the gaps in knowledge. We conclude with a discussion of future research directions for stress research as it relates to breast cancer incidence.

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confidence: 99%

The Role of Stress in Breast Cancer Incidence: Risk Factors, Interventions, and Directions for the Future

Bowen

Poole²,

White

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…The model links together a diverse set of individual-level life outcomes of interest to policymakers (see Figure 1). In choosing the model outcomes and formulating the model structure we consulted with experts in childhood development and childhood policy, demography, epidemiology, human capital economics and labour economics (see list of advisory group members in the acknowledgements) and were also guided by inter-disciplinary theory on human capital formation in childhood and how this influences educational attainment, earnings, physical illness, mental illness, mortality and other outcomes with important impacts on individual wellbeing and public cost (Almond, Currie and Duque, 2018; Goodman et al, 2015; Nelson et al, 2020; Cunha and Heckman, 2010; Adler and Stewart, 2010; O’Donnell, Van Doorslaer and Van Ourti, 2015; Layard et al, 2014; Shonkoff, 2010; Black et al, 2017).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

LifeSim: A Lifecourse Dynamic Microsimulation Model of the Millennium Birth Cohort in England

Skarda

Asaria

Cookson

2021

Preprint

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We present a novel dynamic microsimulation model that undertakes stochastic transition modelling of a rich set of developmental, economic, social and health outcomes from birth to death for each child in the Millennium Birth Cohort (MCS) in England. The model is implemented in R and draws initial conditions from the MCS by re-sampling a population of 100,000 children born in the year 2000, and simulates long-term outcomes using life-stage specific stochastic equations. Our equations are parameterised using effect estimates from existing studies combined with target outcome levels from up-to-date administrative and survey data. We present our baseline projections and a simple validation check against external data from the British Cohort Study 1970 and Understanding Society survey.

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“…Additionally, it remains to be investigated how far-reaching the herein observed negative effects on well-being are. Past work has indicated that early adversities can have an impact for life, with effects potentially being most significant in younger age and depending on the intensity of the experience (Nelson et al, 2020). An increased understanding of protective and/or risk factors and mechanisms leading to the development of stress-related psychopathologies may ultimately hold the potential to facilitate more personalized prevention and treatment strategies.…”

Section: Limitations and Further Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental well-being during Covid-19 in adults, mothers and children: behavioral evidence and neural premarkers

Borbás¹,

Fehlbaum²,

Dimanova³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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We describe data on an extensively characterized group of children and adults (N=69, 41♀, age range=7-51y, including 26 children and mothers) with a total of ~2’500 tests conducted prior to and during the Covid-19 pandemic. Our findings indicate significant effects of Covid-19-related restrictions on mental well-being and psychosocial functioning in children and adults, with changes associated with duration or easing of restrictions. Well-being in mother-child dyads was strongly correlated. For children, time spent outside and friends met were a significant predictor of mood. Additionally, neural correlates of mentalizing in prefrontal regions, assessed prior to Covid-19, preceded later development of fear of illnesses and viruses for all participants, while, among mothers, temporoparietal activation preceded higher perceived burden of care during restrictions.

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Adversity in childhood is linked to mental and physical health throughout life

Abstract: The prevalence of “toxic stress” and huge downstream consequences in disease, suffering, and financial costs make prevention and early intervention crucial, say Charles A Nelson and colleagues

Cited by 358 publications

References 68 publications

The Role of Stress in Breast Cancer Incidence: Risk Factors, Interventions, and Directions for the Future

The Role of Stress in Breast Cancer Incidence: Risk Factors, Interventions, and Directions for the Future

LifeSim: A Lifecourse Dynamic Microsimulation Model of the Millennium Birth Cohort in England

Mental well-being during Covid-19 in adults, mothers and children: behavioral evidence and neural premarkers

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