Adventitious Root Primordia - The Cause of Abnormally Broad Xylem Rays in Hard- and Softwoods

Fink, Siegfried

doi:10.1163/22941932-90000744

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Cable roots and pneumathodes present only straight vessel lines. This peculiar arrangement has been described in the secondary xylem of the stem of Arabidopsis thaliana adjacent to developing buds (Lev-Yadun 1996); in suppressed buds in the bark of Ficus religiosa (Aloni and Wolf 1984); in callus tissue (Sachs and Cohen 1982); in branch junctions in some Quercus and Pinus species (Lev-Yadun and Aloni 1990); and in association with the origin of adventitious roots in hard-and soft-woods (Fink 1982).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Functional anatomy of the secondary xylem of roots of the mangrove Laguncularia racemosa (L.) Gaertn. (Combretaceae)

Angeles

López–Portillo

Ortega-Escalona

2002

Trees

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We describe the secondary xylem anatomy of three types of roots produced by Laguncularia racemosa (cable roots, pneumatophores and pneumathodes). Formation of lateral roots (pneumathodes) by pneumatophores causes structural modifications in their secondary xylem, like circular vessels, which may have consequences for water transport. These modifications are not found in the secondary xylem of cable roots. The path followed by water in the secondary xylem of cable roots and pneumatophores was established by infusion with safranin and by mold-casting with polystyrene. Hydraulic (k h ) and specific (k s ) conductivity of the different root types was also determined. We found that the circular vessels at the junctions did not impair k h or k s values under well-watered conditions, but perhaps the junctions limit water loss when the air-exposed pneumatophores dry out.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Functional anatomy of the secondary xylem of roots of the mangrove Laguncularia racemosa (L.) Gaertn. (Combretaceae)

Angeles

López–Portillo

Ortega-Escalona

2002

Trees

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“…According to one hypothesis, cambial cells are absent beneath these buds and traces are the direct products of meristematic cells of the bud (Church and Godman, 1966;Kormanik and Brown, 1969). However, in Fraxinus excelsior and Salix alba, the stem cambium appears to remain intact as evidenced by its ability to resume normal bidirectional activity following bud senescence (Fink, 1982). The suppressed trace buds of Eucalyptus spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mode of origin of root buds and root sprouts in the clonal tree Sassafras albidum (Lauraceae)

Bosela

Ewers

1997

American J of Botany

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The developmental anatomy of root buds and root sprouts was examined in the clonal tree Sassafras albidum. Root samples from 13 clones that varied widely in age and vigor were sectioned and two types of buds were found, "additional" buds and "reparative" buds. Additional buds form during the early growth of uninjured roots and they perennate by growing outwards in concert with the vascular cambium such that bud traces are produced in the secondary xylem. Reparative buds form de novo in response to senescence, injuries, or other types of disturbance. Reparative buds were found on the roots of seven of the clones, whereas additional buds were found on the roots of all 13 clones. The reparative buds had originated in the proliferated pericycle, where they were subtended by sphaeroblasts, or spherical nodules of wood. Few of the reparative buds were vascularized and none were connected with the vasculature of their parent roots. In contrast, most of the additional buds were vascularized, and the leaf traces of several of the additional buds appeared to be contiguous with the conducting xylem of their parent roots. To determine whether both bud types were functional, 82 field-collected root sprouts and 44 incubation-induced sprouts were sectioned at the root-sprout junction and examined for evidence relating to their mode of origin. None of the sprouts were subtended by sphaeroblasts, but 98% were subtended by bud traces, which indicated that they had originated from additional buds. Although reparative buds were more common than additional buds on some of the root samples, they appear to be dysfunctional at sprouting. Additional buds, on the other hand, are able to sprout both as a normal part of clonal spread and from root cuttings.

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“…Their traces, which occur singly or in serial groups, compare well in size, structure and horizontal course with traces to small adventitious appendages in Trivett's 13 Archaeopteris trunk from Oklahoma. New information from our specimen reveals that they usually occur on the same radius as a type A branch and that they are similar to the radial bands of tissue that differentiate in the wood of living trees when latent primodia are produced 15 . These tissue bands are generally associated with the development of roots for vegetative propagation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 62%

Archaeopteris is the earliest known modern tree

Meyer‐Berthaud

Scheckler

Wendt³

1999

Nature

134

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Adventitious Root Primordia - The Cause of Abnormally Broad Xylem Rays in Hard- and Softwoods

Cited by 20 publications

References 7 publications

Functional anatomy of the secondary xylem of roots of the mangrove Laguncularia racemosa (L.) Gaertn. (Combretaceae)

Functional anatomy of the secondary xylem of roots of the mangrove Laguncularia racemosa (L.) Gaertn. (Combretaceae)

The mode of origin of root buds and root sprouts in the clonal tree Sassafras albidum (Lauraceae)

Archaeopteris is the earliest known modern tree

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