Advantages and Problems of Nanocrystalline Scintillators

Классен, Н. В.; Кедров, В. В.; Курлов, В. Н.; Ossipyan, Yu. A.; Шмурак, С. З.; Шмытько, И. М.; Струкова, Г. К.; Кобелев, Н. П.; Kudrenko, E. A.; Krivko, O.A.; Kiselev, A. M.; Bazhenov, Anatoliy; Fursova, T. N.

doi:10.1109/tns.2008.924050

Cited by 25 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…While the scintillation of cerium in simple fluoride or phosphate hosts is well studied, it is just one of a number of possible scintillation mechanisms. In the late 2000 s, a number of reports were released discussing the possibilities and limitations for nanoscintillators in a broad sense, including the demonstration of a few crucial nanoscale phenomena (Klassen et al, 2008 , 2009 ; Dujardin et al, 2010 ; Kortov, 2010 ). Several research groups are now engaged in the development of a wider variety of nanoscintillators, either through adaptation of known scintillating materials to the nanoscale, or through the creation of novel compositions.…”

Section: Scintillating Nanoparticles For Radiation/photodynamic “Hybrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gold nanoparticles and their alternatives for radiation therapy enhancement

2014

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Radiation therapy is one of the most commonly used treatments for cancer. The dose of delivered ionizing radiation can be amplified by the presence of high-Z materials via an enhancement of the photoelectric effect; the most widely studied material is gold (atomic number 79). However, a large amount is needed to obtain a significant dose enhancement, presenting a challenge for delivery. In order to make this technique of broader applicability, the gold must be targeted, or alternative formulations developed that do not rely solely on the photoelectric effect. One possible approach is to excite scintillating nanoparticles with ionizing radiation, and then exploit energy transfer between these particles and attached dyes in a manner analogous to photodynamic therapy (PDT). Doped rare-earth halides and semiconductor quantum dots have been investigated for this purpose. However, although the spectrum of emitted light after radiation excitation is usually similar to that seen with light excitation, the yield is not. Measurement of scintillation yields is challenging, and in many cases has been done only for bulk materials, with little understanding of how the principles translate to the nanoscale. Another alternative is to use local heating using gold or iron, followed by application of ionizing radiation. Hyperthermia pre-sensitizes the tumors, leading to an improved response. Another approach is to use chemotherapeutic drugs that can radiosensitize tumors. Drugs may be attached to high-Z nanoparticles or encapsulated. This article discusses each of these techniques, giving an overview of the current state of nanoparticle-assisted radiation therapy and future directions.

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Section: Scintillating Nanoparticles For Radiation/photodynamic “Hybrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gold nanoparticles and their alternatives for radiation therapy enhancement

2014

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“…Due to their novel surface and structural properties, recent years have seen the emergence of nanoparticle (NP) phosphor materials for use in numerous applications. [1][2][3][4] The emission centers in a growing number of these phosphors have been rare earth (RE) ions. [3,[5][6][7] RE ions have many unique chemical and physical characteristics due to their distinctive electron configurations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural, photoluminescence and radioluminescence properties of Eu3+ doped La2Hf2O7 nanoparticles

Wahid

Pokhrel

Mao

2017

Journal of Solid State Chemistry

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This study presents the structural, optical, and radioluminescent characterization of newly synthesized europium-doped lanthanum hafnate (La 2 Hf 2 O 7 :xmol%Eu 3+ , x = 0 to 35) nanoparticles (NPs) for use as phosphors and scintillation materials. Samples prepared through a combined co-precipitation and molten salt synthetic process were found to crystalize in the pyrochlore phase, a radiation tolerant structure related to the fluorite structure. These samples exhibit red luminescence under ultraviolet and X-ray excitation. Under these excitation wavelengths, the optical intensity and quantum yield of the La 2 Hf 2 O 7 :xmol%Eu 3+ NPs depend on the Eu 3+ concentration and are maximized at 5%. It is proposed that there is a trade-off between the quenching due to defect states/crossrelaxation and a high dopant concentration. An optimal dopant concentration allows La 2 Hf 2 O 7 :5mol%Eu 3+ NPs to show the best luminescent properties of all the samples.

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“…44 Klassen et al found that nanocrystalline scintillators could improve their property parameters significantly, which were promising for applications in a new generation devices for radiation detections. 45 When the size of BaF 2 nanoparticles is less than 80 nm, these particles exhibited a sharp decrease of self-trapped exciton luminescence intensity. 50 A recent research indicated that when CsI(Na) particle diameter decreased to nanoscale, X-ray excited luminescence decay time speeded up significantly from ∼600 ns to ∼10 ns.…”

Section: Research On Scintillators At Nanoscalementioning

confidence: 97%

Fabrication of Nanoscale Cesium Iodide (CsI) Scintillators for High-Energy Radiation Detection

Chen¹,

Hun²,

Chen³

et al. 2015

Rev Nanosci Nanotech

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The CsI-based scintillators have been widely used for X-or gamma-ray detections. It has been known that columnar scintillators favor the detections with higher efficiency and spatial resolution. In this paper, we report a facile and low-cost method to fabricate submicron nanoscale CsI columns. We integrated the thermodynamic calculations, positive chamber design, mold design, electrochemical bath design, anodization process, and solidification techniques to fabricate such submicron CsI columns. When the CsI melt is confined to AAO channels with a high aspect ratio, stable CsI columns solidified with smooth surfaces, and free of dendrites or grain boundaries. Different solidification approaches have been attempted, including mechanical injection in vacuum under a negative pressure, injection at 1 atm, 3 atm and 25 atm using Ar gas only, and mechanical injection with 1.6 atm Ar pressure. The mechanical injection or high-pressure Ar injection at 25 atm produced good filling of CsI melt into AAO channels. Such CsI columns inside the smooth AAO walls enable the highenergy radiation detection with high light emission for pixelated scintillator applications.

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Advantages and Problems of Nanocrystalline Scintillators

Cited by 25 publications

References 7 publications

Gold nanoparticles and their alternatives for radiation therapy enhancement

Gold nanoparticles and their alternatives for radiation therapy enhancement

Structural, photoluminescence and radioluminescence properties of Eu3+ doped La2Hf2O7 nanoparticles

Fabrication of Nanoscale Cesium Iodide (CsI) Scintillators for High-Energy Radiation Detection

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