Advances of exosome isolation techniques in lung cancer

Mahgoub, Elham O; Razmara, Ehsan; Bitaraf, Amirreza; Norouzi, Fahimeh-Sadat; Montazeri, Maryam; Behzadi-Andouhjerdi, Roudabeh; Falahati, Mojtaba; Cheng, Ke; Haik, Yousif; Hasan, Anwarul; Babashah, Sadegh

doi:10.1007/s11033-020-05715-w

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 159 publications

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“…97,98 MiRNAs (~22 nucleotides) encourage the destruction or inhibit the translation of target mRNAs, so playing a vital role in the developmental and physiological processes. 1,[98][99][100][101] Overexpression of miR-483 downregulates SMAD4. 102 MiRNA profiling of developing human cartilage of limb revealed that this miRNA is expressed at high levels in chondrocytes that were in the proliferation and differentiation stages.…”

Section: Noncoding Rnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

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SMAD4 contributes to chondrocyte and osteocyte development

Pakravan

Razmara

Hussen

et al. 2021

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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The formation of skeletal elements often follows a basic path that involves different chondrogenic and osteogenic programmes. 1 Among these, a significant number of signalling pathways, eg SMAD family, play roles. The term 'SMAD' was coined from a combination of a gene name from Caenorhabditis elegans SMA ("small" worm phenotype) and MAD family ("mothers against decapentaplegic") of genes in Drosophila melanogaster. 2 By considering their functions, eight members of SMAD proteins are categorized into three main classes including (i) receptor-regulated or regulatory SMADs (also known as R-SMADs), ie SMADs 1, 2, 3, 5 and 8, (ii) common SMAD or co-SMAD that only involves SMAD4 and (iii) inhibitory SMADs (I-SMADs) that

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Section: Noncoding Rnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Smad4 Can Be Controlled Epigeneticallymentioning

confidence: 99%

SMAD4 contributes to chondrocyte and osteocyte development

Pakravan

Razmara

Hussen

et al. 2021

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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“…Exosomes were initially described by Johnstone as being uniquely secreted by reticulocytes [44,45]. The main biogenesis mechanism is through the invagination of intracellular lysosomal particles, which is released into the extracellular space after fusing with the cell membrane [46][47][48][49][50]. It is found that almost all cells can secrete exosomes under both normal and pathological conditions, including reticulocytes, dendritic cells, lymphocytes, platelets, mast cells, and tumor cells [44,51].…”

Section: Exosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Exosomes can be detected in urine, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, sputum, serum, plasma, milk, semen, pleural effusion, amniotic fluid, and other biological fluids [46,[52][53][54][55][56][57]. While the composition of exosomes is similar to and determined by their parental cells, it is interesting to note that exosomes released by all cell types contain several common marker proteins, including CD63, CD81, CD9, TSG-101, and ALIX [47,58,59].…”

Section: Exosomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of Exosomal miR-210 with Signaling Pathways Implicated in Lung Cancer

Chen

Xie

2021

Genes

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MicroRNA is a class of non-coding RNA involved in post-transcriptional gene regulation. Aberrant expression of miRNAs is well-documented in molecular cancer biology. Extensive research has shown that miR-210 is implicated in the progression of multiple cancers including that of the lung, bladder, colon, and renal cell carcinoma. In recent years, exosomes have been evidenced to facilitate cell–cell communication and signaling through packaging and transporting active biomolecules such as miRNAs and thereby modify the cellular microenvironment favorable for lung cancers. MiRNAs encapsulated inside the lipid bilayer of exosomes are stabilized and transmitted to target cells to exert alterations in the epigenetic landscape. The currently available literature indicates that exosomal miR-210 is involved in the regulation of various lung cancer-related signaling molecules and pathways, including STAT3, TIMP-1, KRAS/BACH2/GATA-3/RIP3, and PI3K/AKT. Here, we highlight major findings and progress on the roles of exosomal miR-210 in lung cancer.

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“…Biological fluids are composed of a complex mixture of particles including cells, EVs, proteins, nucleic acids, and other biomolecules. Most separation methods are unable to separate a specific group of exosomes from many of these other components, especially other EVs, proteins, and nucleic acids. − Most exosome studies to date, therefore, are based on a mixture of different exosome populations ( e.g ., exosomes derived from normal cells mixed with exosomes derived from cancer cells) as well as other EVs and biologically active noncellular components. Thus, the true nature of specific exosomes has been challenging to clearly elucidate, thereby confounding studies aimed at determining their role in biological systems and hampering the development of clinical and biological applications.…”

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confidence: 99%

Label-Free Isolation of Exosomes Using Microfluidic Technologies

2021

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Exosomes are cell-derived structures packaged with lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. They exist in diverse bodily fluids and are involved in physiological and pathological processes. Although their potential for clinical application as diagnostic and therapeutic tools has been revealed, a huge bottleneck impeding the development of applications in the rapidly burgeoning field of exosome research is an inability to efficiently isolate pure exosomes from other unwanted components present in bodily fluids. To date, several approaches have been proposed and investigated for exosome separation, with the leading candidate being microfluidic technology due to its relative simplicity, costeffectiveness, precise and fast processing at the microscale, and amenability to automation. Notably, avoiding the need for exosome labeling represents a significant advance in terms of process simplicity, time, and cost as well as protecting the biological activities of exosomes. Despite the exciting progress in microfluidic strategies for exosome isolation and the countless benefits of label-free approaches for clinical applications, current microfluidic platforms for isolation of exosomes are still facing a series of problems and challenges that prevent their use for clinical sample processing. This review focuses on the recent microfluidic platforms developed for labelfree isolation of exosomes including those based on sieving, deterministic lateral displacement, field flow, and pinched flow fractionation as well as viscoelastic, acoustic, inertial, electrical, and centrifugal forces. Further, we discuss advantages and disadvantages of these strategies with highlights of current challenges and outlook of label-free microfluidics toward the clinical utility of exosomes.

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Advances of exosome isolation techniques in lung cancer

Cited by 18 publications

References 159 publications

SMAD4 contributes to chondrocyte and osteocyte development

SMAD4 contributes to chondrocyte and osteocyte development

Association of Exosomal miR-210 with Signaling Pathways Implicated in Lung Cancer

Label-Free Isolation of Exosomes Using Microfluidic Technologies

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