Advances of capillary electrophoresis in clinical and forensic analysis (1999-2000)

Thormann, Wolfgang; Lurie, Ira S.; McCord, Bruce; Marti, Ulrich; Cenni, Bruno; Malik, Naseem

doi:10.1002/1522-2683(200111)22:19<4216::aid-elps4216>3.0.co;2-w

Cited by 89 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 316 publications

(283 reference statements)

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“…As pointed out by Ramsey et al, 23 ionic transport number mismatch during sweeping may play a role for the final stacked peaks. The other potential issue is the limited retention factor ( k ) of analytes in the micellar phase since the swept zone is controlled by Equation 4 ,24 (4) where l sweep and l inj are the lengths of the swept zone and the injected sample solution, respectively. When the interaction between the analyte and micelles is too weak, the analyte may 'leak' from the concentrated zone and flow through the detection window during the EKSI process.…”

Section: Theoretical Considerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unlimited-Volume Electrokinetic Stacking Injection in Sweeping Capillary Electrophoresis Using a Cationic Surfactant

et al. 2006

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Sweeping is an effective and convenient way for online sample preconcentration in micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC). The usual procedure includes a hydrodynamic injection step carried out by applying pressure to the sample vial followed by the subsequent sweeping and separation processes. The injected sample volume is limited by the dimensions of the capillary because a part of the capillary has to be left free of sample solution for the subsequent sweeping and separation steps. In addition, when a short capillary, such as 4-10 cm, is used for sweeping, the injected sample volume is small even if the entire capillary is filled with sample solution. In order to solve this problem, an electrokinetic stacking injection (EKSI) scheme was developed by using a cationic surfactant, dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide, for sweeping in capillary electrophoresis. An experimental model was proposed, and the entire process was theoretically analyzed. According to the theoretical discussion, the optimal conditions for two model analytes, 5-carboxyfluorescein (5-FAM) and sodium fluorescein (FL), were experimentally determined. The injected sample plug lengths for 5-FAM and FL under 20.1 kV for 60 min were experimentally estimated as 836 and 729 cm, corresponding to 28-and 24-fold the effective capillary length, respectively. The EKSI scheme resulted in increased detection factors for 5-FAM and FL of 4.5×10 3 and 4.0×10 3 using 60-minute injection relative to a traditional pressure injection.

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Section: Theoretical Considerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unlimited-Volume Electrokinetic Stacking Injection in Sweeping Capillary Electrophoresis Using a Cationic Surfactant

et al. 2006

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“…Among forensic drugs, phenethyla-mines by far represent the most important group of compounds for which chiral analysis may be of crucial importance. Although already reported in the past decade (for reviews see [6,27,28]), the use of CD CE for the chiral separation of amphetamines and congeners still attracts the attention of several researchers.…”

Section: Forensic Drugs and Poisonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although not new in the field of illicit drug analysis (see [6]), nonaqueous CE (NACE) has been used by Fang et al [36] for MDMA analysis in combination with fluorescence spectroscopy detection. A detection limit of 50 ng/mL for MDMA was reported.…”

Section: Forensic Drugs and Poisonsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The present review article, following the previous one by Thormann et al [6], appeared in this journal in 2001, although without any hope of completeness, is aimed at providing an overview of the main advances in forensic CE and a critical discussion of those which have successfully been adopted as "methods of choice" in specific areas of forensic analysis from 2001 to the first months of 2005. Coherently with the scope of the journal, the organization of the review is based on the analytical approaches, with less emphasis on the specific purpose of the proposed methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent advances in the applications of CE to forensic sciences (2001–2004)

Tagliaro

Bortolotti

2006

Electrophoresis

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Recent advances in the applications of CE to forensic sciences (2001-2004)The present article reviews the applications of CE in forensic science covering the period from 2001 until the first part of 2005. The overview includes the most relevant examples of analytical applications of capillary electrophoretic and electrokinetic techniques in the following fields: (i) Forensic drugs and poisons, (ii) explosive analysis and gunshot residues, (iii) small ions of forensic interest, (iv) forensic DNA and RNA analysis, (v) proteins of forensic interest, and (vi) ink analysis.

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“…All CE modes employ the same instrumentation; samples can be easily analyzed subsequently as diff erencing separation mechanisms. Generally, CE is a very promising tool for clinical analysis at the present time [14][15][16][17][18][19] and it could be a simple and less time-consuming alternative technique to HPLC and GC which are also based on diff erent separation mechanisms than CE. The selectivity of CE can be utilized for separation of complicated mixtures of target analytes (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capillary Electrophoresis as a Verification Tool for Immunochemical Drug Screening

Znaleziona¹,

Petr²,

Maier³

et al. 2007

BIOMED PAP

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Background:The aim of this work was to develop a simple capillary electrophoretic method as the verifi cation and confi rmation tool in the screening analysis for amphetamines, opiates, benzodiazepines and cocaine and their metabolites for toxicological applications.Methods: 50 mM phosphate Tris pH 2.0 with 30 % (v/v) of methanol was used as a background electrolyte that enabled fast separation of drugs and their metabolites in saliva and urine. Verifi cation of the data from the electrophoretic method was done by High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) and the immunochemical screening test QuikScreen.Results: The experimental conditions of the Capillary Electrophoresis (CE) were partially optimized (mainly the infl uence of concentration and types of additives, e.g. cyclodextrines, organic solvents) and validated; the method was used for analysing samples from drug abusers.Conclusions: The non-instrumental, immunoassay tests could only confi rm qualitative addictions and are mainly employed when the emergency detection of drugs is needed. For quantitative analysis and verifi cation of obtained results the confi rmation step is strongly recommended. The simple screening capillary zone electrophoresis method allows recognition of the most abused drugs. The agreement of the results from CE, HPTLC and QuikScreen test was more than 95 %.

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Advances of capillary electrophoresis in clinical and forensic analysis (1999-2000)

Cited by 89 publications

References 316 publications

Unlimited-Volume Electrokinetic Stacking Injection in Sweeping Capillary Electrophoresis Using a Cationic Surfactant

Unlimited-Volume Electrokinetic Stacking Injection in Sweeping Capillary Electrophoresis Using a Cationic Surfactant

Recent advances in the applications of CE to forensic sciences (2001–2004)

Capillary Electrophoresis as a Verification Tool for Immunochemical Drug Screening

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