Advances in ultrasound-assisted transesterification for biodiesel production

Ho, Wilson Wei Sheng; Ng, Hoon Kiat; Gan, Suyin

doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.02.058

Cited by 72 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…Ultrasonic powers of 160-240 W gave 90% yields. These results are in accordance with other research data, with similar power ranges and over 90% yields [22]. However, thermal powers of 500 W only produced a 55% yield.…”

Section: Effect Of Ultrasound Power In Methyl Ester Conversionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Biodiesel by Transesterification of Rapeseed Oil Using Ultrasound: A Kinetic Study of Base-Catalysed Reactions

et al. 2018

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The objective of this work was to study the acceleration that ultrasound causes in the rate of biodiesel transesterification reactions. The effect of different operating variables, such as ultrasound power, catalyst (KOH) concentration and methanol:oil molar ratio, was studied. The evolution of the process was followed by gas chromatography, determining the concentration of methyl esters at different reaction times. The biodiesel was characterized by its density, viscosity, saponification and iodine values, acidity index, water content, flash and combustion points, cetane index and cold filter plugging point (CFPP), according to EN 14214 standard. High methyl ester yield and fast reaction rates were obtained in short reaction times. Ultrasound power and catalyst concentration had a positive effect on the yield and the reaction rate. The methanol:oil molar ratio also increased the yield of the reaction, but negatively influenced the process rate. The reaction followed a pseudo-first order kinetic model and the rate constants at several temperatures were determined. The activation energy was also determined using the Arrhenius equation. The main conclusion of this work is that the use of ultrasound irradiation did not require any additional heating, which could represent an energy savings for biodiesel manufacture.

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Section: Effect Of Ultrasound Power In Methyl Ester Conversionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Biodiesel by Transesterification of Rapeseed Oil Using Ultrasound: A Kinetic Study of Base-Catalysed Reactions

et al. 2018

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“…Process enhancement through improved mass and heat transfer of the reaction system may support catalytic and non‐catalytic biodiesel production. Microwave or ultrasound irradiation‐assisted processes in the heterogeneous acid/base catalytic system may continue to grow with special attention directed to the issue of thermal localization on catalyst particles and reduction of effective ultrasonic energy intensity with increasing production scale 261,262 . Study on packing design in continuous flow reactor may be interesting for developing supercritical and heterogeneous solid catalytic biodiesel production process.…”

Section: Future Prospectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non‐catalytic and heterogeneous acid/base‐catalyzed biodiesel production: Recent and future developments

Tran‐Nguyen

Ong

et al. 2020

Asia-Pacific J Chem Eng

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Biodiesel production technologies, which are non-catalytic and those involving the use of heterogeneous catalyst(s), have gained much interest owing to its high biodiesel and pure glycerol throughput. During the past 15 years, many studies were devoted to explore new catalysts as well as improve non-catalytic technologies with aims to ultimately industrialize such biodiesel production processes. This review elucidates the main process parameters that influences non-catalytic and heterogeneous-catalyzed biodiesel production processes. The common parameters among these technologies include the process temperature, alcohol/oil molar ratio, pressure, catalyst loading, and feedstock quality.Optimization of these process parameters is discussed according to the use of conventional method (one factor at a time [OFAAT]) or the use of statistical methods such as response surface methodology (RSM), artificial neural network (ANN), and Taguchi method. In addition, recent development on noncatalytic process and those involving the use of heterogeneous catalyst(s), such as glycerol-free processes under supercritical conditions of alkyl donors and strategies to improve properties of heterogeneous catalyst, are also reviewed.Finally, insight based on the published techno-economical evaluations is also tackled, and future prospects and research directions on these technologies are also discussed.

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“…Applying ultrasound-assisted technologies in order to eliminate the low miscibility of reactants in a transesterification reaction, improving mass transfer, and increasing reaction rates has demonstrated to be a promising approach (Subhedar et al, 2015). Ultrasound generates cavitation, the phenomenon of formation, growth, and collapse of micro bubbles in the reaction medium (Ho et al, 2016). This phenomenon produces extreme conditions, such as acoustic microstreaming, turbulence, high pressure and temperature, as well as high shear forces, promoting the formation of fine emulsions of the immiscible reactants (Bhangu et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ultrasound-generated energy not only provides the mechanical energy for mixing but also the activation energy (Ea) required for the transesterification reaction. Furthermore, this technology contributes to chemical effects, since free radicals are produced during the short cavitation bubble collapse (Ho et al, 2016;Tan et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound-Assisted Transesterification of Soybean Oil Using Combi-Lipase Biocatalysts

Freitas

Matte

Poppe

et al. 2019

Braz. J. Chem. Eng.

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We applied ultrasonic technology for the transesterification of soybean oil catalyzed by a mixture of lipases (combi-lipase: 75 % Novozym 435; 10 % Lipozyme TL-IM; and 15 % Lipozyme RM-IM), verifying the effects of ultrasonic amplitude, pulse conditions, the ethanol:oil molar ratio, enzyme concentration, and the influence of solvent (tert-butanol on the reaction. We also compared this system against ultrasound combined with mechanical stirring, and the efficiency of the combi-lipase, compared with the individual use of each lipase. The optimum conditions for the transesterification reaction were determined as enzyme concentration of 15 % (in relation to oil mass); ethanol:oil molar ratio of 3:1; ultrasonic amplitude of 30 %, duty cycle of 50 % and time pulse of 15 sec. The yields of conversion of ethyl esters with and without solvent were similar, indicating that the use of solvents during enzymatic transesterification reactions is not necessary when ultrasonic technology is applied to the system. The combination of mechanical stirring and ultrasound did not improve the yields of conversion compared to ultrasonic technology alone. The proposed combi-lipase produced higher yields of ethyl esters (75 %) than the individual lipases (55 %) in 5 h under ultrasonic-assisted batch reactions.

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Advances in ultrasound-assisted transesterification for biodiesel production

Cited by 72 publications

References 85 publications

Biodiesel by Transesterification of Rapeseed Oil Using Ultrasound: A Kinetic Study of Base-Catalysed Reactions

Biodiesel by Transesterification of Rapeseed Oil Using Ultrasound: A Kinetic Study of Base-Catalysed Reactions

Non‐catalytic and heterogeneous acid/base‐catalyzed biodiesel production: Recent and future developments

Ultrasound-Assisted Transesterification of Soybean Oil Using Combi-Lipase Biocatalysts

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