Advances in trapped ion cells for Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry

High Resolution Mass Spectrometry Using FTICR and Orbitrap Instruments

“…Subsequently, Penning devised the first trap for charged particles by using a combination of static electric and magnetic fields to confine electrons. (Vartanian, Anderson et al 1995) In the 1950s the principle of ion cyclotron resonance was first incorporated into a mass spectrometer, called the omegatron, by Sommer and co-workers, who successfully applied the concept of cyclotron resonance to determine the charge-tomass ratio of the proton. (Sommer, Thomas et al 1951) Major improvements in ICR awaited McIver's introduction of the trapped ion cell.…”

“…To prevent this, a small electrostatic potential (equation 10), usually ≈ 1 V, is applied to the trapping electrodes (positioned at z = ± d/2 from the center of the ion trap). (Vartanian, Anderson et al 1995) …”

“…Nevertheless, it is proportional to the trapping voltage (V T ) and the cell geometry factor (α) and inversely proportional to the cell edge length (a) and the magnetic field strength (B). (Vartanian, Anderson et al 1995) (16)…”

“…Nevertheless, several reviews on the subject of ion trajectories inside the ICR cell and their influence on the cyclotron frequency were published over the years, e.g. the one by Vartanian et al (Vartanian, Anderson et al 1995) …”

A novel fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer with improved ion trapping and detection capabilities

“…Typically the attained field quality is a compromise among the desired field parameters [22]. A large number of ICR cell designs have been developed to target one or more of these electric field features [23, 24] and the most common ICR cell geometries in use today are designed to emulate infinitely long excitation electrodes [25, 26]. …”