Advances in the Understanding of Skin Cancer: Ultraviolet Radiation, Mutations, and Antisense Oligonucleotides as Anticancer Drugs

Laikova, Kateryna V.; Oberemok, Volodymyr V.; Krasnodubets, Alisa M.; Gal'chinsky, Nikita V; Useinov, Refat Z.; Novikov, Ilya; Temirova, Zenure Z.; Gorlov, Mikhail V.; Shved, Nikita A.; Kumeiko, Vadim; Makalish, Tatiana P.; Bessalova, E. Yu.; Фомочкина, И. И.; Esin, Andrey S.; Volkov, Mikhail E; Kubyshkin, Anatoly V.

doi:10.3390/molecules24081516

Cited by 73 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 189 publications

(216 reference statements)

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“…Malignant melanoma is among the deadliest types of skin cancer and comprises the majority of cases [1,2]. The incidence of skin cancer is on the rise.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Design of Anionic Surfactant-Based Amino-Functionalized Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles and their Application in Transdermal Drug Delivery

et al. 2020

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Melanoma remains the most lethal form of skin cancer and most challenging to treat despite advances in the oncology field. Our work describes the utilization of nanotechnology to target melanoma locally in an attempt to provide an advanced and efficient quality of therapy. Amino-functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN-NH2) were developed in situ through the utilization of anionic surfactant and different volumes of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) as a co-structure directing agent (CSDA). Prepared particles were characterized for their morphology, particles size, 5-flurouracol (5-FU) and dexamethasone (DEX) loading capacity and release, skin penetration, and cytotoxicity in vitro in HT-144 melanoma cells. Results of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherm showed that using different volumes of APTES during the functionalization process had an impact on the internal and external morphology of the particles, as well as particle size. However, changing the volume of APTES did not affect the diameter of formed mesochannels, which was about 4 nm. MSN-NH2 showed a relatively high loading capacity of 5-FU (12.6 ± 5.5) and DEX (44.72 ± 4.21) when using drug: MSN-NH2 ratios of 5:1 for both drugs. The release profile showed that around 83% of 5-FU and 21% of DEX were released over 48 h in pH 7.4. The skin permeability study revealed that enhancement ratio of 5-Fu and DEX using MSN-NH2 were 4.67 and 5.68, respectively, relative to their free drugs counterparts. In addition, the accumulation of drugs in skin layers where melanoma cells usually reside were enhanced approximately 10 times with 5-FU and 5 times with DEX when delivering drugs using MSN-NH2 compared to control. MSN-NH2 alone was nontoxic to melanoma cells when incubated for 48 h in the range of 0 to 468 µg/mL. The combination of 5-FU MSN-NH2 and DEX MSN-NH2 showed significant increase in toxicity compared to their free dug counterparts and exhibited a synergetic effect as well as the ability to circumvent DEX induced 5-FU resistance in melanoma cells.

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“…Malignant melanoma is among the deadliest types of skin cancer and comprises the majority of cases [1,2]. The incidence of skin cancer is on the rise.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Design of Anionic Surfactant-Based Amino-Functionalized Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles and their Application in Transdermal Drug Delivery

et al. 2020

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“…The most advanced ASO in the clinical trials is trabedersen which is in phase II trials. Ongoing clinical trials with ASOs targeting Bcl-2 (NCT04072458), Grb2 (NCT04196257), and androgen receptor (AR; NCT03300505) as well as future mRNA (Laikova et al, 2019) and non-coding RNA targets (Slack and Chinnaiyan, 2019) for the treatment of various solid tumors will in time tell of the efficacy of ASOs for cancer treatment.…”

Section: Antisense Oligonucleotidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcription and Translation Inhibitors in Cancer Treatment

et al. 2020

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Transcription and translation are fundamental cellular processes that govern the protein production of cells. These processes are generally up regulated in cancer cells, to maintain the enhanced metabolism and proliferative state of these cells. As such cancerous cells can be susceptible to transcription and translation inhibitors. There are numerous druggable proteins involved in transcription and translation which make lucrative targets for cancer drug development. In addition to proteins, recent years have shown that the "undruggable" transcription factors and RNA molecules can also be targeted to hamper the transcription or translation in cancer. In this review, we summarize the properties and function of the transcription and translation inhibitors that have been tested and developed, focusing on the advances of the last 5 years. To complement this, we also discuss some of the recent advances in targeting oncogenes tightly controlling transcription including transcription factors and KRAS. In addition to natural and synthetic compounds, we review DNA and RNA based approaches to develop cancer drugs. Finally, we conclude with the outlook to the future of the development of transcription and translation inhibitors.

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“…These types of tumors entail the degradation of the extracellular matrix, cell metastasis, and proliferation. It is biologically the most aggressive form of skin cancer because it is spreading rapidly to other body parts, usually in five phases, each of which is characterized by specific molecular aberrations [ 316 , 317 ] such as the overexpression of proteolytic enzyme activity, such as matrix metalloproteinases, as well as the detaching and migration of tumor cells into the bloodstream or lymph nodes from where they can spread to any other tissue or organ [ 318 ].…”

Section: Anthocyanins As Potential Agents For Melanoma Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthocyanins, Vibrant Color Pigments, and Their Role in Skin Cancer Prevention

et al. 2020

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Until today, numerous studies evaluated the topic of anthocyanins and various types of cancer, regarding the anthocyanins’ preventative and inhibitory effects, underlying molecular mechanisms, and such. However, there is no targeted review available regarding the anticarcinogenic effects of dietary anthocyanins on skin cancers. If diagnosed at the early stages, the survival rate of skin cancer is quite high. Nevertheless, the metastatic form has a short prognosis. In fact, the incidence of melanoma skin cancer, the type with high mortality, has increased exponentially over the last 30 years, causing the majority of skin cancer deaths. Malignant melanoma is considered a highly destructive type of skin cancer due to its particular capacity to grow and spread faster than any other type of cancers. Plants, in general, have been used in disease treatment for a long time, and medicinal plants are commonly a part of anticancer drugs on the market. Accordingly, this work primarily aims to emphasize the most recent improvements on the anticarcinogenic effects of anthocyanins from different plant sources, with an in-depth emphasis on melanoma skin cancer. We also briefly summarized the anthocyanin chemistry, their rich dietary sources in flowers, fruits, and vegetables, as well as their associated potential health benefits. Additionally, the importance of anthocyanins in topical applications such as their use in cosmetics is also given.

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Advances in the Understanding of Skin Cancer: Ultraviolet Radiation, Mutations, and Antisense Oligonucleotides as Anticancer Drugs

Cited by 73 publications

References 189 publications

The Design of Anionic Surfactant-Based Amino-Functionalized Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles and their Application in Transdermal Drug Delivery

The Design of Anionic Surfactant-Based Amino-Functionalized Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles and their Application in Transdermal Drug Delivery

Transcription and Translation Inhibitors in Cancer Treatment

Anthocyanins, Vibrant Color Pigments, and Their Role in Skin Cancer Prevention

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