Advances in Technologies for Highly Active Omega-3 Fatty Acids from Krill Oil: Clinical Applications

Colletti, Alessandro; Cravotto, Giancarlo; Citi, Valentina; Martelli, Alma; Testai, Lara; Cicero, Arrigo F G

doi:10.3390/md19060306

Cited by 25 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 152 publications

(171 reference statements)

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“…Krill oil has been associated with improvement of exercise and antioxidant/anti-inflammatory markers and several clinical trials have been carried out. A recent review by Colletti et al 2021 [ 60 ] details in great depth the aspects of krill oil actions on muscle performance and strength. One of the possible pathways is that krill oil activates mTOR signaling [ 61 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is an excellent nutritional source of the essential nutrient choline and a broad range of various amino acids including essential amino acids. The content of the different classes of nutritional components is greatly influenced by the extraction technologies [ 60 , 78 ]. The exact percentage of each constituent was not disclosed to us by Rimfrost Inc. as that is patented information [ 79 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The exact percentage of each constituent was not disclosed to us by Rimfrost Inc. as that is patented information [ 79 ]. Krill oil contains approximately 0.5 mg of astaxanthin per 3 g of krill oil, which is below the currently established effective dose of 4 mg for athletes [ 60 ]. In our current experiments we used 25 g/kg of krill oil in order to achieve a similar AX concentration of 0.02% as in our previous work [ 39 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing the Potential of Nutraceuticals as Geroprotectors on Muscle Performance and Cognition in Aging Mice

et al. 2021

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Aging and frailty are associated with a decline in muscle force generation, which is a direct consequence of reduced muscle quantity and quality. Among the leading contributors to aging is the generation of reactive oxygen species, the byproducts of terminal oxidation. Their negative effects can be moderated via antioxidant supplementation. Krill oil and astaxanthin (AX) are nutraceuticals with a variety of health promoting, geroprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and anti-fatigue effects. In this work, we examined the functional effects of these two nutraceutical agents supplemented via pelleted chow in aging mice by examining in vivo and in vitro skeletal muscle function, along with aspects of intracellular and mitochondrial calcium homeostasis, as well as cognition and spatial memory. AX diet regimen limited weight gain compared to the control group; however, this phenomenon was not accompanied by muscle tissue mass decline. On the other hand, both AX and krill oil supplementation increased force production without altering calcium homeostasis during excitation-contraction coupling mechanism or mitochondrial calcium uptake processes. We also provide evidence of improved spatial memory and learning ability in aging mice because of krill oil supplementation. Taken together, our data favors the application of antioxidant nutraceuticals as geroprotectors to improve cognition and healthy aging by virtue of improved skeletal muscle force production.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing the Potential of Nutraceuticals as Geroprotectors on Muscle Performance and Cognition in Aging Mice

et al. 2021

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“…The higher bioavailability of krill oil can be correlated with other valuable antioxidant compounds, including astaxanthin, tocopherols, vitamin A, and flavonoids, and was reported to enhance the absorption efficacy in the gut, as well as in the brain [77]. Several previous in vivo and in vitro studies showed that krill oil exhibits anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, and anti-diabetic effects, and could function to alleviate cardiovascular diseases and other illnesses [64,76]. However, the exact molecular mechanisms are still not well-elucidated.…”

Section: Marine Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another interesting source is krill (Euphausia superba), a small marine crustacean from the Antarctic Ocean. It has received increased attention due to its nutraceutical potential and due to its high levels of lipids and phospholipids (39.29-80.69%), and for having a high content of (ω-3) PUFA, mainly represented by EPA and DHA [64,76]. It is important to point out that fish oil, including krill oil supplements, are different carriers of EPA and DHA.…”

Section: Marine Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Essential Fatty Acids as Biomedicines in Cardiac Health

et al. 2021

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The destructive impact of cardiovascular diseases on health, including heart failure, peripheral artery disease, atherosclerosis, stroke, and other cardiac pathological conditions, positions these health conditions as leading causes of increased global mortality rates, thereby impacting the human quality of life. The considerable changes in modern lifestyles, including the increase in food intake and the change in eating habits, will unavoidably lead to an unbalanced consumption of essential fatty acids, with a direct effect on cardiovascular health problems. In the last decade, essential fatty acids have become the main focus of scientific research in medical fields aiming to establish their impact for preventing cardiovascular diseases and the associated risk factors. Specifically, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), such as omega 3 fatty acids, and monounsaturated fatty acids from various sources are mentioned in the literature as having a cardio-protective role, due to various biological mechanisms that are still to be clarified. This review aims to describe the major biological mechanisms of how diets rich in essential fatty acids, or simply essential fatty acid administration, could have anti-inflammatory, vasodilatory, anti-arrhythmic, antithrombotic, antioxidant, and anti-atherogenic effects. This review describes findings originating from clinical studies in which dietary sources of FAs were tested for their role in mitigating the impact of heart disorders in human health.

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Bioactive fatty acids from non‐conventional lipid sources and their potential application in functional food development

Akonjuen

Onuh

Aryee

2023

Food Science & Nutrition

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There is growing evidence that bioactive fatty acids (BFAs), including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5–3), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6–3), and conjugated fatty acids offer multiple biological benefits and constitute ingredients in functional food development. Despite their potential, novel and alternative/nonconventional sources with unique bioactive properties to meet growing demand remain largely unexplored, poorly characterized, and their effects are not well understood. We systematically reviewed the literature to identify studies on alternative sources of BFAs, their functions, extraction, and application in the food and nutraceutical industry. Twenty studies delved into alternate sources such as plants, bacteria, and algae. Six studies found EPA and DHA as the dominant FA in algal sources, while ten studies reported several BFAs from plant sources. Five studies assessed the health benefits of docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), arachidonic acid (ARA), EPA, γ‐linolenic acid (GLA), and linoleic acid (LA). Eleven studies compared the quality of oil recovered by green solvents, pressurized liquid, supercritical fluid, and assisted extraction methods. Three studies assessed the effects of assisted extraction methods and reported that these approaches improved oil yield and quality, but the findings may have limited applicability to other lipid sources. The quality of nonconventional lipids largely depends on extraction techniques. Four studies suggested methods like 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, LC‐MS/MS; however, their analytical differences make accurate comparison inadequate. Five studies found that the incorporation of algal and seafood biolipids during product development increased EHA and DHA contents.

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Advances in Technologies for Highly Active Omega-3 Fatty Acids from Krill Oil: Clinical Applications

Cited by 25 publications

References 152 publications

Assessing the Potential of Nutraceuticals as Geroprotectors on Muscle Performance and Cognition in Aging Mice

Assessing the Potential of Nutraceuticals as Geroprotectors on Muscle Performance and Cognition in Aging Mice

Essential Fatty Acids as Biomedicines in Cardiac Health

Bioactive fatty acids from non‐conventional lipid sources and their potential application in functional food development

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