Advances in Imaging of Vertebral and Spinal Cord Injury

Goldberg, Andrew L.; Kershah, Sharif

doi:10.1080/10790268.2010.11689685

Cited by 63 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Spinal cord edema largely explains the morbidity and mortality of SCI (20). Spinal cord edema induces openings in the BSCB, leading to an exchange of harmful substances between blood and tissue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of lycopene on the blood-spinal cord barrier after spinal cord injury in mice

Zhang

Wang

Gu³

et al. 2016

BST

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of lycopene on the blood-spinal cord barrier after spinal cord injury in mice

Zhang

Wang

Gu³

et al. 2016

BST

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“…SCI is invariably associated with spinal cord edema, which accounts for much of the morbidity and mortality of this condition. 12 Spinal cord edema is often long lasting and therapy resistant. The disruption of the blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB) after SCI elicits an intensive local inflammation by the infiltration of blood cells such as neutrophils and macrophages, leading to cell death and permanent neurological disability.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Cigarette Smoke Exposure on Spinal Cord Injury in Rats

Fan

Cao

et al. 2013

Journal of Neurotrauma

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In this study, we examined whether cigarette smoke has neuroprotective or toxic effects on spinal cord injury (SCI). Male Sprague-Dawley rats were included in the study and received either cigarette smoke exposure or fresh air exposure. Twenty-four hours after the last cigarette smoke or fresh air exposure, all rats were injured at thoracic level 12 (T12), using an established static compression model. Our data showed that the cigarette smoke group had higher water content; higher permeability of the blood-spinal cord barrier (BSCB); higher malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, aquaporin-4 (AQP4) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1a) protein expression, and mRNA levels; and lower glutathione (GSH) levels than the control group values at 12 h, 24 h, and 48 h after SCI. There was no significant difference in these between the cigarette smoke group and the control group at 0 h after SCI. The results of the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) hindlimb locomotor rating scale showed that rats in the cigarette smoke group had greater dysfunction in hindlimb movement than did rats in control group from 2 to day 6 after SCI. The extent of recovery did not make any difference from day 7 to day 10 after SCI between the cigarette smoke group and the control group. These results suggested that cigarette smoke can reinforce the oxidative stress injury via HIF-1a and AQP4 in the early stage after SCI. It is possible that cigarette smoke exposure does not affect SCI recovery in the long term; however, it can aggravate the edema and deteriorate BSCB disruption via HIF-1a and AQP4 in the early stage after SCI. More studies will be essential to consider this hypothesis and elucidate the mechanisms involved.

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“…For the diagnosis of spinal disorders, MRI and MRM are replacing myelography, because they are believed to be superior in terms of visualizing invasiveness and complications 6,8,9) . However, myelography is still performed, for example, for diagnostic purposes in patients with an implanted cardioverter-defibrillator contraindicating magnetic resonance imaging 3) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study of Lumbar Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Myelography in Young Soldiers with Herniated Lumbar Disc

Kang

Choi

Seong

et al. 2010

J Korean Neurosurg Soc

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Objective : This study was undertaken to compare the diagnostic performances of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), MR myelography (MRM) and myelography in young soldiers with a herniated lumbar disc (HLD). Methods : Sixty-five male soldiers with HLD comprised the study cohort. A visual analogue scale for low back pain (VAS-LBP), VAS for leg radiating pain (VAS-LP), and Oswestry disability index (ODI) were applied. Lumbar MR, MRM, and myelographic findings were checked and evaluated by four independent radiologists, respectively. Each radiologist was asked to score (1 to 5) the degree of disc protrusion and nerve root compression using modified grading systems devised by the North American Spine Society and Pfirrmann and the physical examination rules for conscription in the Republic of Korea. Correlated coefficients between clinical and radiological factors were calculated. Interpretational reproducibility between MRI and myelography by four bases were calculated and compared. Results : Mean patient age was 20.5 ± 1.1. Mean VAS-LBP and VAS-LP were 6.7 ± 1.6 and 7.4 ± 1.7, respectively. Mean ODI was 48.0 ± 16.2%. Mean MRI, MRM, and myelography scores were 3.3 ± 0.9, 3.5 ± 1.0, and 3.9 ± 1.1, respectively. All scores of diagnostic performances were significantly correlated (p < 0.05). However, none of these scores reflected the severity of patients' symptoms. There was no statistical difference of interpretational reproducibility between MRI and myelography. Conclusion : Although MRI and myelography are based on different principles, they produce similar interpretational reproducibility in young soldiers with a HLD. However, these modalities do not reflect the severity of symptoms.

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Advances in Imaging of Vertebral and Spinal Cord Injury

Cited by 63 publications

References 44 publications

Effect of lycopene on the blood-spinal cord barrier after spinal cord injury in mice

Effect of lycopene on the blood-spinal cord barrier after spinal cord injury in mice

The Effect of Cigarette Smoke Exposure on Spinal Cord Injury in Rats

Comparative Study of Lumbar Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Myelography in Young Soldiers with Herniated Lumbar Disc

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