Advances in Graphene‐Based Liquid Cell Electron Microscopy: Working Principles, Opportunities, and Challenges

Ghodsi, Seyed Mohammadreza; Megaridis, Constantine M.; Shahbazian‐Yassar, Reza

doi:10.1002/smtd.201900026

Cited by 42 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 139 publications

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“…In order to improve the thermal stability of the cathodes and simultaneously maintain the electrochemical properties, the surface coating of cathodes should meet a number of requirements: 1) it should be impermeable to the oxygen gas but allow for the Li‐ion transfer, 2) have high electronic conductivity, 3) remain stable in contact with the electrolyte, and 4) be scalable and cost effective . In this regard, atomically thin graphene and its derivatives such as reduced graphene oxide (rGO) appear to be good candidates since it has been shown that graphene and rGO are impermeable to liquids and gases specially oxygen . Reduced graphene‐oxide has shown a great potential in the gas barrier applications .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Anti‐Oxygen Leaking LiCoO₂

Sharifi‐Asl

Soto

Foroozan

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

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LiCoO 2 is a prime example of widely used cathodes that suffer from the structural/thermal instability issues that lead to the release of their lattice oxygen under nonequilibrium conditions and safety concerns in Li-ion batteries. Here, it is shown that an atomically thin layer of reduced graphene oxide can suppress oxygen release from Li x CoO 2 particles and improve their structural stability. Electrochemical cycling, differential electrochemical mass spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and in situ heating transmission electron microscopy are performed to characterize the effectiveness of the graphene-coating on the abusive tolerance of Li x CoO 2 . Electrochemical cycling mass spectroscopy results suggest that oxygen release is hindered at high cutoff voltage cycling when the cathode is coated with reduced graphene oxide. Thermal analysis, in situ heating transmission electron microscopy, and electron energy loss spectroscopy results show that the reduction of Co species from the graphene-coated samples is delayed when compared with bare cathodes. Finally, density functional theory and ab initio molecular dynamics calculations show that the rGO layers could suppress O 2 formation more effectively due to the strong CO cathode bond formation at the interface of rGO/LCO where low coordination oxygens exist. This investigation uncovers a reliable approach for hindering the oxygen release reaction and improving the thermal stability of battery cathodes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 64%

Anti‐Oxygen Leaking LiCoO₂

Sharifi‐Asl

Soto

Foroozan

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

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“…Also, the specimen holder preparation usually demands efforts to deposit materials onto electrodes, if required. The graphene liquid cell method, for the moment, is less feasible, but it yields superior spatial resolution and many new imaging possibilities . Kühne et al provide an effective example of combining reliable electrode designs with the graphene liquid cell.…”

Section: Energy Storagementioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress of In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy for Energy Materials

et al. 2019

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replacing gasoline, diesel, or other types of fuels with electricity, it is expected that our world will become more environmentally friendly by storing energy directly from sustainable sources, such as solar, wind, geothermal, bioenergy, and the ocean. Even Australia, as a country with abundant energy resources, has identified energy as one of the key scientific research priorities. It is clear that the efficiency of energy harvesting and consumption must be improved, emissions must be reduced, and the integration of various energy sources into the electricity grid and chemical storage must be implemented. A desirable outlook is one with a variety of energy sources and mechanisms that significantly reduces carbon emissions and is economical for consumers and society. Recent fast-growing research should boost the development of reliable, highly efficient, low-cost, and sustainable energy materials that are effective for new technologies and that satisfy the growing demand for energy storage and climate change solutions.The progress in energy materials is indeed significant, however, as the expectations of energy materials research are always quite high, it is not sufficient. Particularly, the material performances are always theoretically predicted but are limited by the underlying mechanisms in real applications. As a wellknown example, silicon is expected to deliver a high theoretical capacity of 4200 mAh g −1 in the form of Li 4.4 Si, and is thought to replace the currently commercial graphite with a capacity of 372 mAh g −1 . However, in real applications, it is found that Si exhibits more than 360% of volume expansion during lithiation, which leads to battery anode failure. In the last few years, TEM, especially in situ TEM, has provided exceptional advantages in investigating the lithiation process of silicon anodes: direct imaging, full crystallography information, and real-time recording have all become possible. By directly observing the charge/discharge processes of Si anodes, the dynamics of expansion have been well understood. The research has then been focused on structural designs of composites containing Si to overcome the expansion. The Si composites (for instance, carbon-wrapped Si nanoparticles with different sizes) were directly analyzed by in situ TEM to determine the best structural design. [12] From 2012, in situ TEM became an essential tool to review and evaluate structural designs for high-capacity anodes with significant volume expansions. The same scenarios apply to similar research topics. In situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is one of the most powerfulapproaches for revealing physical and chemical process dynamics at atomic resolutions. The most recent developments for in situ TEM techniques are summarized; in particular, how they enable visualization of various events, measure properties, and solve problems in the field of energy by revealing detailed mechanisms at the nanoscale. Related applications include rechargeable batteries such as Li-ion, Na-ion, Li-O 2 , Na-O 2 , Li...

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“…SiO 2 [4,5]. There are many suggestions of practical usage of the bubbles inside van der Waals heterostructures, for example, the graphene liquid cell microscopy [6], controlled room-temperature photoluminescence emitters [7], etc.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of anomalous elasticity on bubbles in van der Waals heterostructures

2020

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It is shown that the anomalous elasticity of membranes affects the profile and thermodynamics of a bubble in van der Waals heterostructures. Our theory generalizes the non-linear plate theory as well as membrane theory of the pressurised blister test to incorporate the power-law scale dependence of the bending rigidity and Young's modulus of a two-dimensional crystalline membrane. This scale dependence caused by long-ranged interaction of relevant thermal fluctuations (flexural phonons), is responsible for the anomalous Hooke's law observed recently in graphene. It is shown that this anomalous elasticity affects dependence of the maximal height of the bubble on its radius and temperature. We identify the characteristic temperature above which the anomalous elasticity is important. It is suggested that for graphene-based van der Waals heterostructures the predicted anomalous regime is experimentally accessible at the room temperature.

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Advances in Graphene‐Based Liquid Cell Electron Microscopy: Working Principles, Opportunities, and Challenges

Cited by 42 publications

References 139 publications

Anti‐Oxygen Leaking LiCoO₂

Anti‐Oxygen Leaking LiCoO₂

Recent Progress of In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy for Energy Materials

Effect of anomalous elasticity on bubbles in van der Waals heterostructures

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Advances in Graphene‐Based Liquid Cell Electron Microscopy: Working Principles, Opportunities, and Challenges

Cited by 42 publications

References 139 publications

Anti‐Oxygen Leaking LiCoO2

Anti‐Oxygen Leaking LiCoO2

Recent Progress of In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy for Energy Materials

Effect of anomalous elasticity on bubbles in van der Waals heterostructures

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Anti‐Oxygen Leaking LiCoO₂

Anti‐Oxygen Leaking LiCoO₂