Advances in genetic dermatology. Dyskeratosis, acantholysis, and hyperkeratosis, with a note on the specific role of desmosomes and keratinosomes in the formation of the horny layer

Wilgram, G. F.

doi:10.1001/archderm.94.4.456

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The other conspicuous finding in our study was an increased number of keratinosomes in dyskeratotic cells and this agrees with previous reports (Caulfield & Wilgram 1963, Wilgram & Weinstock 1966, Mann & Haye 1970, Arai 1971, Peck et al 1976). However, it becatne clear that keratinosomes appear for the first time as early as in the 3rd epidermal layer, migrate toward the plasma membrane and are released into intercellular spaces.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…Until now, acantholysis in morbus Darier has been explained by two controversial hypotheses. The first claims that tonofilaments separate from the attachment plaques and thereafter desmosomes disappear (Charles 1961, Caulfield & Wilgram 1963, Wilgram & Weinstock 1966, Pierard & Kint 1968; the same can also occur in one segment of desmosomes alone (Caulfield & Wilgram 1963). According to the second interpretation, the desmosomes loose their interceullar contact layer and thus puU apart into two halves, after which tonofilaments become detached from the desmosomes (Mann & Haye 1970, Arai 1971, Vogel & Narasimhan 1974, Biagini et al 1975, Peck et al 1976.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultrastructure of Dyskeratosis in Morbus Darier

1977

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Biospy specimens from three patients with morbus Darier were studied by electron microscopy: Grains appeared in groups in the midst of dyskeratotic lesions and were recognized as being the result of more advanced acantholysis and precocious keratinization. Corps ronds were formed individually in the regions lateral to that of grains, where hypergranulosis was prominent in contrast to a mild dyskeratosis. Therefore, the formation of grains and corps ronds seem to be independent of each other. While in the literature acantholysis has mainly been ascribed to the separat;on of desmosones into two segments, another initial process seems to be the primary disappearance of the attachment plaque along with the connecting tonofilaments. From the existence of the other contact complexes, it seems likely that a restoration of desmosomes between acantholytic cells should take place. In early stages of dyskeratotic cells, keratinosomes were increased in number and some of them persisted inside the plasma membrane without a release into the intercellular spaces, and thus they were present in grains and corps ronds. The dyskeratosis in morbus Darier is characterized by a premature, incomplete and individual keratinization as evidenced by the existence of keratohyalin granules and keratinosomes as early as at the level of the 3rd epidermal layer and the absence of a keratin pattern in the dyskeratotic horny cells.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrastructure of Dyskeratosis in Morbus Darier

1977

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“…C a u l fie ld und W ilgram [4] sahen in der Los lösung der Tonofibrillen von den Desmosomen, mithin in einer Auflösung des sog. Desmosomen-Tonofibrillen-Komplexes, das erste Ereignis des akantholytischen Prozesses, eine Vorstellung, die auch von andern über nommen wurde [11,19,23], Anschliessend würde es zu einer Auflösung der Eingegangen: 29. Januar 1974; angenommen: 13.…”

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Struktur und Schicksal der Desmosomen beim Morbus Darier

Vogel¹,

Narasimhan²

1974

Dermatology

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Atypical desmosomes are found between cells at the bottom of the lacunae in Darier’s disease. The spacing between the intermediate dense lines may be irregularly reduced, and the extracellular material can exhibit an uneven moth-eaten aspect; the intercellular contact layer is missing, but tonofibrils are connected to the attachment plaques. These desmosomes are interpreted as malformations. Desmosomes with a dilated intercellular gap are expected to split in two halves.

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Ultrastructural features of chick embryo skin cultured in a chemically defined medium

Wong

1974

Anat. Rec.

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Explants of six-day chick embryo skin, cultivated in a chemically defined medium (Waymouth Medium MB 752/1) for one to eight days were fixed and processed for electron microscopic study. Excellent development and differentiation of chick embryo skin was recorded. The skin cultivated in vitro matured much earlier than in ovo. After one day in vitro the morphology of the skin is similar in the stage of development to that of a 10-12 day embryo skin in ovo. After two or four days in culture, the skins are comparable to those of 12-14 day or 15-16 day in ouo embryos, respectively. The periderm of the epidermis was highly developed and contained a large number of peridermal granules after six days of culture. The skin proper, contained a granular layer, which resembled the skin of a 17-day embryo. Complete cornification of the epidermis was observed for the first time in vitro after 8 days of incubation. Keratohyalin granules which were claimed to be absent in avian skin, were observed.

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Advances in genetic dermatology. Dyskeratosis, acantholysis, and hyperkeratosis, with a note on the specific role of desmosomes and keratinosomes in the formation of the horny layer

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

Ultrastructure of Dyskeratosis in Morbus Darier

Ultrastructure of Dyskeratosis in Morbus Darier

Struktur und Schicksal der Desmosomen beim Morbus Darier

Ultrastructural features of chick embryo skin cultured in a chemically defined medium

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