Advances in Flame Retardant of Different Types of Nanocomposites

Visakh, P. M.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-03467-6_1

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Inorganic hydroxides have been used as FR additives for a while now [ 18 ]. They are advantageous since they are relatively non-toxic and smokeless.…”

Section: Bio-based Fr Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Bio-Based Flame Retardant Additives for Synthetic Polymeric Materials

Hobbs

2019

Polymers

123

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It would be difficult to imagine how modern life across the globe would operate in the absence of synthetic polymers. Although these materials (mostly in the form of plastics) have revolutionized our daily lives, there are consequences to their use, one of these being their high levels of flammability. For this reason, research into the development of flame retardant (FR) additives for these materials is of tremendous importance. However, many of the FRs prepared are problematic due to their negative impacts on human health and the environment. Furthermore, their preparations are neither green nor sustainable since they require typical organic synthetic processes that rely on fossil fuels. Because of this, the need to develop more sustainable and non-toxic options is vital. Many research groups have turned their attention to preparing new bio-based FR additives for synthetic polymers. This review explores some of the recent examples made in this field.

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“…Inorganic hydroxides have been used as FR additives for a while now [ 18 ]. They are advantageous since they are relatively non-toxic and smokeless.…”

Section: Bio-based Fr Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Bio-Based Flame Retardant Additives for Synthetic Polymeric Materials

Hobbs

2019

Polymers

123

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“…10 refers to polyethylene containing 10 wt% of a brominated flame retardant (TBBPA). TBBPA acts as flame inhibitor and promotes a decrease in effective heat of combustion and a release of (black) smoke [17].…”

Section: Flame Inhibitorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Insights into the Investigation of Smoke Production Using a Cone Calorimeter

2019

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Smoke release data from the cone calorimeter are often underused. They may provide additional information to better understand the fire reaction of polymers and the efficiency of flame retardants. A new method is proposed to investigate the smoke release in cone calorimeter tests and to correlate it to heat release, based on studies with pure and flame retarded polymers. Smoke release rate is plotted versus heat release rate and new parameters are pointed out. In particular, parameter A represents the smoke release per unit energy (in Joules) released. Its value increases when the carbon fraction and the aromaticity of a polymer increase. It can reach around 0.05 m 2 /kJ for epoxy resins but is null for well-known smoke-free polyoxymethylene (POM). HRR threshold (HRR th ) represents the critical heat release rate above which smoke release is measured. Its value is close to 100 kW/m 2 for polyolefins but decreases drastically for aromatic polymers. The approach developed in this study is potentially useful for assessing the smoke release of different materials for a heat release rate scenario chosen arbitrarily. The influence of two specific smoke suppressants and of two specific flame retardants on smoke release is also discussed and the proposed method allows for a better understanding of their role in smoke release.

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“…The conversion of clays to organoclay occurs by a simple displacement reaction. After the reaction, the surface of the clay gains organophilic properties by using alkyl ammonium and alkyl phosphonium cations [Visakh 2015].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They have (Na, Ca) (Al, Mg)6(SiO10)3(OH)6-nH 2 O formula [Ghosh 2011]. Because they have average surface energy, they can be modified more easily than other clay types [Visakh 2015;Cao et al 2014]. Montmorillonites have recently come to the forefront with their environmentfriendly flame retardant properties in the textile industry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A study on coating with nanoclay on the production of flame retardant cotton fabrics

Kertmen¹,

Dalbaşi²,

Körlü³

et al. 2020

Tekstil Ve Konfeksiyon

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In this study, 100% cotton fabrics' flame retardant properties were improved using commercial nanoclay (Cloisite 20A), clay-based montmorillonite. Flame retardancy and thermal decomposition behavior of the samples were characterized by the vertical burning test, limiting oxygen index (LOI), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The surface morphology of untreated and treated fabric was examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis was carried out for Cloisite 20A, untreated, and coated fabrics. The test results showed that the coating treatment, even at low nanoclay concentration, is enough to have a considerable flame retardant effect. This result was attributed to the barrier effect of the nanoclay.

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Advances in Flame Retardant of Different Types of Nanocomposites

Cited by 9 publications

References 61 publications

Recent Advances in Bio-Based Flame Retardant Additives for Synthetic Polymeric Materials

Recent Advances in Bio-Based Flame Retardant Additives for Synthetic Polymeric Materials

New Insights into the Investigation of Smoke Production Using a Cone Calorimeter

A study on coating with nanoclay on the production of flame retardant cotton fabrics

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