Advances in enantioselective analysis of chiral brominated flame retardants. Current status, limitations and future perspectives

Badea, Silviu-Laurentiu; Niculescu, Violeta; Ionete, Roxana Elena; Eljarrat, Ethel

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.148

Cited by 16 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 76 publications

(99 reference statements)

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“…In order to avoid falsepositive results, they recommend a phenyl-hexyl ultra-high-performance LC (UPLC) column on which 10 HBCDD diastereomers can be resolved. The advances in the enantioselective analysis of HBCDDs and other chiral flame retardants with special emphasis on current status, limitations and future perspectives were reviewed by Badea et al (2016). The CONTAM Panel noted that this potential coelution is of minor importance for the analysis of food, as d-and e-HBCDD may be present at only low concentrations in the technical product.…”

Section: Methods Of Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Update of the risk assessment of hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDDs) in food

Schrenk

Bignami

Bodin³

et al. 2021

EFS2

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The European Commission asked EFSA to update its 2011 risk assessment on hexabromocyclododecanes ( HBCDD s) in food. HBCDD s, predominantly mixtures of the stereoisomers α‐, β‐ and γ‐ HBCDD , were widely used additive flame retardants. Concern has been raised because of the occurrence of HBCDD s in the environment, food and in humans. Main targets for toxicity are neurodevelopment, the liver, thyroid hormone homeostasis and the reproductive and immune systems. The CONTAM Panel concluded that the neurodevelopmental effects on behaviour in mice can be considered the critical effects. Based on effects on spontaneous behaviour in mice, the Panel identified a lowest observed adverse effect level ( LOAEL ) of 0.9 mg/kg body weight (bw) as the Reference Point, corresponding to a body burden of 0.75 mg/kg bw. The chronic intake that would lead to the same body burden in humans was calculated to be 2.35 μg/kg bw per day. The derivation of a health‐based guidance value ( HBGV ) was not considered appropriate. Instead, the margin of exposure ( MOE ) approach was applied to assess possible health concerns. Over 6,000 analytical results for HBCDD s in food were used to estimate the exposure across dietary surveys and age groups of the European population. The most important contributors to the chronic dietary LB exposure to HBCDD s were fish meat, eggs, livestock meat and poultry. The CONTAM Panel concluded that the resulting MOE values support the conclusion that current dietary exposure to HBCDD s across European countries does not raise a health concern. An exception is breastfed infants with high milk consumption, for which the lowest MOE values may raise a health concern.

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Section: Methods Of Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Update of the risk assessment of hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDDs) in food

Schrenk

Bignami

Bodin³

et al. 2021

EFS2

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“…The authors concluded that HBCD bioaccumulation was dependent on the concentration to which the animal was exposed, and that the α-HBCD diastereomer had the longest half-life, greater accumulation efficiency and greater number of biomagnification factors, reinforcing the idea that α-HBCD would be the most prevalent diastereomer in biota samples, similar to some studies already published in 2011 [ 5 , 37 ]. Beyond that, Badea et al, 2016, reinforces that most studies conducted in fish, rats, birds, and humans report an enantioselective absorption, metabolism, and excretion of α-HBCD [ 38 ].…”

Section: Occurrence and Exposure To Hbcdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and Health Effects of Hexabromocyclododecane: An Updated Review

Marques

Cairrão

2023

Toxics

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Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) is a non-aromatic compound belonging to the bromine flame retardant family and is a known persistent organic pollutant (POP). This compound accumulates easily in the environment and has a high half-life in water. With a variety of uses, the HBCD is found in house dust, electronics, insulation, and construction. There are several isomers and the most studied are α-, β-, and γ-HBCD. Initially used as a substitute for other flame retardants, the polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), the discovery of its role as a POP made HBCD use and manufacturing restricted in Europe and other countries. The adverse effects on the environment and human health have been piling, either as a result from its accumulation or considering its power as an endocrine disruptor (ED). Furthermore, it has also been proven that it has detrimental effects on the neuronal system, endocrine system, cardiovascular system, liver, and the reproductive system. HBCD has also been linked to cytokine production, DNA damage, increased cell apoptosis, increased oxidative stress, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Therefore, this review aims to compile the most recent studies regarding the negative effects of this compound on the environment and human health, describing the possible mechanisms by which this compound acts and its possible toxic effects.

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