Advances in catalytic oxidation of organic pollutants – Prospects for thorough mineralization by natural clay catalysts

Application of Heterogeneous Catalytic Ozonation Process with Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles for Toluene Degradation in Aqueous Environments

“…The increase of toluene degradation rate with an increase in catalyst dose can be attributed to the expansion of surface area of the catalyst and also the availability of more active sites for ozone molecules decomposition and subsequent reactions (18). In one previous study (21) on the catalytic ozonation of amoxicillin (with NH 4 Cl) and also phenol removal using magnetic heterogeneous catalytic ozonation by Dadban Shahamat et al (51), similar results were reported. In addition, as presented by Rosal et al (55), at fixed flow rate of ozone, greater increase of catalyst concentration can accelerate the ozone transfer from the gas media to the aqueous phase and also increase the decomposition rate of ozone molecules.…”

Promoting catalytic ozonation of phenol over graphene through nitrogenation and Co 3 O 4 compositing

“…Carbonaceous materials, like activated carbons, carbon blacks, carbon fibers, carbon spheres, carbon nanotubes, mesoporous carbons, carbon aerosols and xerogels, benefits from their superb absorption capability and environmentally benignity as supports. (Ikhlaq et al, 2014(Ikhlaq et al, , 2015Rodríguez-reinoso, 1998;Shahidi et al, 2015) Moreover, carbon could also function as a metal-free catalyst on its own. Pirkanniemi et.…”

Comparison of Ozonation and Evaporation as Treatment Methods of Recycled Water for Bioethanol Fermentation Process

“…Analysing the pH of all oxidation processes, it can be said that the pH was not optimal if the goal was to remove organic load from the water [23,24]. Since the treated water had to be re-used in fermentation, alkaline pH would not be a reasonable choice, since the adjustment of the pH value would be a problem in a close cycle, which would increase the cost of the process.…”

“…However the syrup produced results in additional waste generated, which is highly concentrated in organic compounds. In the oxidation no additional waste is generated, resulting in a more environmental friendly technology [23,24].…”

“…It can decompose rapidly to free radicals that can instantly react with the organic compounds. The advantages of O 3 are high reaction rate, almost a lack of harmful by-products formation and generating oxygen (O 2 ) as an end product [22,23]. Once present in a basic solution, O 3 reacts with OH − producing hydroxyl radicals (E° 2.7 V) which are more reactive than O 3 [23][24][25].…”