Advances in 3D nano/microfabrication using two-photon initiated polymerization

Lee, Kwang-Sup; Kim, Ran Hee; Yang, Dong‐Yol; Park, Sang-Hu

doi:10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2008.01.001

Cited by 414 publications

(153 citation statements)

References 153 publications

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“…LTPP as a fabrication technology could be applicable in areas of micro-optics, photonics, micro-fluidics, micro-optoelectromechanical systems (MOEMS), tissue engineering, etc. [5,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Femtosecond visible light induced two-photon photopolymerization for 3D micro/nanostructuring in photoresists and photopolymers

Malinauskas¹,

Purlys²,

Rutkauskas³

et al. 2010

Lithuanian J. Phys.

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Laser two-photon polymerization (LTPP) has been widely reported as a tool for three-dimensional micro/nanofabrication. Femtosecond lasers are employed to form nanostructures in photosensitive resins with subwavelength resolution. We demonstrate high throughput large scanning area LTPP system based on linear motor driven stages combined with Yb:KGW high repetition rate (312.5 kHz) amplified laser as irradiation source (515 nm second harmonic's wavelength). Femtosecond green light can be focused to a smaller diffraction limited spot and provides higher structuring resolution comparing to commonly used Ti:sapphire lasers (operating at NIR wavelengths) used for LTPP. Additionally, shorter irradiation wavelength enables to process more of widely used photosensitive materials. The system capacitates production of nanostructures having 200 nm lateral resolution with high repeatability. By modifying focusing optics there is a possibility to scale up the fabrication: reduction of resolution results in shortening of fabrication time. The system enables formation of 3D structures with size varying from tens of microns to tens of millimetres. Most of the materials commonly used for photopolymerization technology (various blends of acrylates, hybrid organic-inorganic materials, and epoxy resins) are well suitable for processing with the constructed LTPP system.

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“…LTPP as a fabrication technology could be applicable in areas of micro-optics, photonics, micro-fluidics, micro-optoelectromechanical systems (MOEMS), tissue engineering, etc. [5,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The diameter d and height l of the smallest photopolymerized elements voxels (volumetric pixels) can be expressed as [9] d(P t , t, NA, λ) = λ…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Femtosecond visible light induced two-photon photopolymerization for 3D micro/nanostructuring in photoresists and photopolymers

Malinauskas¹,

Purlys²,

Rutkauskas³

et al. 2010

Lithuanian J. Phys.

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“…As a result, polymer chains can be formed and grown by combining monomers and adding to the chains. Although conventional photosensitive materials and initiators have been developed, such polymer still suffers from the insufficient free radical density within the extremely small cross-sectional focusing area for twophotons [26,27] . Thus, enough duration of each scan position, high density of photoinitiator, and intensity of focused light beam are most important parameters to terminate the photopolymerization procedure with enough crosslinking density.…”

Section: Two-photon Polymerisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D printing of hydrogel composite systems: Recent advances in technology for tissue engineering

Jang¹,

Jung²,

Pan³

et al. 2018

ijb

178

106

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Three-dimensional (3D) printing of hydrogels is now an attractive area of research due to its capability to fabricate intricate, complex and highly customizable scaffold structures that can support cell adhesion and promote cell infiltration for tissue engineering. However, pure hydrogels alone lack the necessary mechanical stability and are too easily degraded to be used as printing ink. To overcome this problem, significant progress has been made in the 3D printing of hydrogel composites with improved mechanical performance and biofunctionality. Herein, we provide a brief overview of existing hydrogel composite 3D printing techniques including laser based-3D printing, nozzle based-3D printing, and inkjet printer based-3D printing systems. Based on the type of additives, we will discuss four main hydrogel composite systems in this review: polymer-or hydrogel-hydrogel composites, particle-reinforced hydrogel composites, fiber-reinforced hydrogel composites, and anisotropic filler-reinforced hydrogel composites. Additionally, several emerging potential applications of hydrogel composites in the field of tissue engineering and their accompanying challenges are discussed in parallel.

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“…Nonlinear optical processes have been extensively used for manufacturing microdevices for different technological areas [1][2][3][4][5], with emphasis to two-photon polymerization (2PP). This technique has several advantages over conventional microfabrication methods, among which we can mention the resolution above the diffraction limit and high spatial selectivity of the two-photon absorption [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct laser writing by two-photon polymerization as a tool for developing microenvironments for evaluation of bacterial growth

Otuka

Corrêa

Fontana

et al. 2014

Materials Science and Engineering: C

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Advances in 3D nano/microfabrication using two-photon initiated polymerization

Cited by 414 publications

References 153 publications

Femtosecond visible light induced two-photon photopolymerization for 3D micro/nanostructuring in photoresists and photopolymers

Femtosecond visible light induced two-photon photopolymerization for 3D micro/nanostructuring in photoresists and photopolymers

3D printing of hydrogel composite systems: Recent advances in technology for tissue engineering

Direct laser writing by two-photon polymerization as a tool for developing microenvironments for evaluation of bacterial growth

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