Advances and Challenges in the Valorization of Bio-Oil: Hydrodeoxygenation Using Carbon-Supported Catalysts

Abstract

Biomass valorization to produce fuels and platform chemicals is one of the most relevant strategies to change the energetic scenario and the currently unsustainable petrochemical industry. Pyrolysis offers the possibility of integrating biomassderived oils (bio-oil) into this well-established industry, and the adaptation of already in-use technology, as hydrotreatment units, eases this transition. This new concept of biorefinery could also be improved from an environmental point of view by using carbonbased catalysts produced from biomass waste. In this work, we have reviewed hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of bio-oil as a key process for the development of these biorefineries. The most relevant results on HDO mechanisms and catalysts are highlighted, with the main focus on activated carbon-supported catalysts. Special attention has been paid to those variables and requirements for a potential industrial implementation, such as the use of raw bio-oil, continuous reactors, and available kinetic models in the literature for reactor design. In addition, a final critical revision has been made with the perspectives, main gaps, and challenges for the integration of bio-oil HDO in a biorefinery.

Liquefiable biomass-derived porous carbons and their applications in CO2capture and conversion

“…The catalyst carriers should be able to prevent coking and resist water during hydrodeoxidation. [251][252][253] Therefore, LBPCs are more suitable, because they can be processed into anti-coking, easily regenerated and mechanically strong carbon spheres, which can be used in a variety of reactors such as fluidized bed, slurry bed and hydrothermal reactor, so they have more advantages than molecular sieve carriers.…”

2021 Pioneers in Energy Research: Javier Bilbao

“…Then, they have determined selected thermodynamic, physical, and molecular properties of the organic compounds included in the bio-oil surrogate. Cordero-Lanzac et al 30 have reviewed the potential interest and the mechanisms of pyrolysis oil upgrading over carbon-supported catalysts. These catalysts can be produced by the pyrolysis of biomass wastes.…”

A Kinetic Model Considering Catalyst Deactivation for Methanol-to-Dimethyl Ether on a Biomass-Derived Zr/P-Carbon Catalyst

“…Carbon materials have been extensively studied in our research group, led by Prof Cordero. Specially, chemically activated carbons with phosphoric acid have shown interesting applications as adsorbents [19][20][21], catalyst supports [22][23][24] and catalysts themselves [14,25,26]. During this activation process, phosphoric acid catalyzes the bond cleavage and formation of phosphate and polyphosphate crosslinks due to cyclization and condensation reactions.…”