Advances and Challenges for Hydrovoltaic Intelligence

Abstract

In recent years, excessive exploitation and rapid population growth have posed numerous challenges. The climate crisis is deepening because of the unabated use of fossil fuels and the ascendance of greenhouse gas levels, so there is still an urgent need to seek different clean energy sources and electricity generating methods with the purpose of adjusting energy structures and solving environmental problems. In the ubiquitous hydrologic cycle, at least 60 petawatts (1015 W) energy can be supplied, but little of it has yet been utilized. Nowadays, hydrovoltaic intelligence has emerged and exhibited an ecofriendly concept of electricity generation compared with traditional methods with the rise of nanoscience and nanomaterials. Hence, it provides the prospect of upgrading the mode of water energy use, constructing a renewable energy industry, and alleviating environmental issues. In this review, starting by introducing different types of hydrovoltaic effect mechanismsenergy harvesting based on drawing potential of liquids; energy harvesting based on water evaporation, and energy harvesting based on moisture adsorptionwe summarize the fabrication processes, material classifications, intelligent applications, and representative advances in detail. Moreover, the future development trends of hydrovoltaic intelligence and the challenges for improvement in electrical output are further discussed.

Hydrovoltaic Electricity Generation from Potato Carbon Cake: Using an Interconnected Porous Solar Steam Generator

“…However, the cost consumption for productivity limits the potential level of demonstration. [9] Recently, an DOI: 10.1002/adsu.202400052 attractive, innovative area for producing electricity from green energy-based mechanisms has been developed called hydrovoltaic (HV), [10][11][12][13] overcoming the strategies to ensure large-scale development with negligible input energy. It also minimizes the effects of climate change and environmental damage during power production.…”

Manipulating the Crystallization of Tin Halide Perovskites for Efficient Moisture-to-Electricity Conversion

“…The developments in nanoscience and intense research in materials have added up new renewable sources like triboelectricity, , piezoelectricity, , droplet flow, and waving flow-induced electricity, thermoelectricity, , and ion concentration gradient-based electricity, − etc. Among these new renewable sources, the ion concentration gradient-based electricity generation is a novel approach for converting the ubiquitously available evaporation energy. ,, These devices function by harnessing the chemical potential energy of the hydrated ions produced by the interaction of water and hydrophilic materials during the diffusion of moisture. − The power generated in such cases is enough to power devices with low energy requirements and can be integrated to create low self-powered systems . Moreover, evaporation is an omnipresent phenomenon; thus, a large number of energy demands can be met, if harnessed effectively .…”