2015
DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2014.12.006
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Advancements in the development of subunit influenza vaccines

Abstract: The ongoing threat of influenza epidemics and pandemics has emphasized the importance of developing safe and effective vaccines against infections from divergent influenza viruses. In this review, we first introduce the structure and life cycle of influenza A viruses, describing major influenza A virus-caused pandemics. We then compare different types of influenza vaccines and discuss current advancements in the development of subunit influenza vaccines, particularly those based on nucleoprotein (NP), extracel… Show more

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Cited by 47 publications
(43 citation statements)
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“…Among these genera, only influenza A and influenza B viruses cause clinical diseases. Influenza B viral infections usually cause localized outbreaks, whereas influenza A virus is the primary pathogen for human infections and, thus, the major cause of large influenza epidemics and pandemics 44 . Based on the glycoproteins hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA), which are located on the viral surface, influenza A viruses are divided into various subtypes.…”
Section: Influenza Virus and Its Diagnostic Approachesmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Among these genera, only influenza A and influenza B viruses cause clinical diseases. Influenza B viral infections usually cause localized outbreaks, whereas influenza A virus is the primary pathogen for human infections and, thus, the major cause of large influenza epidemics and pandemics 44 . Based on the glycoproteins hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA), which are located on the viral surface, influenza A viruses are divided into various subtypes.…”
Section: Influenza Virus and Its Diagnostic Approachesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Based on the glycoproteins hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA), which are located on the viral surface, influenza A viruses are divided into various subtypes. Until now, 18 HA (H1‐H18) and 11 NA (N1‐N11) subtypes have been identified 44 . A number of diagnostic approaches, including virus isolation, as well as some emerging molecular‐based approaches, have been used to detect influenza viruses in clinical laboratories.…”
Section: Influenza Virus and Its Diagnostic Approachesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The N-terminal domain is followed by a short linker that was proposed to contain a zinc binding site36 and the C-terminal domain. The latter dimerizes in vitro 37, is essential for M1 polymerization38 and provides a link to the ribonucleoprotein (RNP)32. Full-length M1 from influenza virus A forms an elongated structure39 containing a compact N-terminal domain and an extended and partially flexible C-terminal domain under low pH conditions40.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Conjugate vaccines consist of bacterial polysaccharides linked to a recognizable antigen, thus stimulating the immune system to react to the polysaccharide coating. 16,17 The choice of which vaccine to give depends on patient's age, comorbidities, and other factors. For example, the MMR vaccine is generally not given before 12 months of age because maternal antibodies that convey passive immunity may still be present and render the vaccine less effective.…”
Section: Mechanisms Of Vaccine Protectionmentioning
confidence: 99%