Advanced sulfur control concepts in hot-gas desulfurization technology: Phase 1, Feasibility of the direct production of elemental sulfur during the regeneration of high temperature desulfurization sorbents

López, Alejandra; White, J. A.; Groves, Frank R.; Harrison, Douglas P.

doi:10.2172/10113213

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The vapor pressure of steam at this temperature is 5.7 atm which is below the operating pressure. been presented in a recent topical report (Lopez et al 1994).…”

Section: Condenser Operating Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced sulfur control concepts for hot gas desulfurization technology. Quarterly report, October--December 1994

Harrison¹

1995

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“…The vapor pressure of steam at this temperature is 5.7 atm which is below the operating pressure. been presented in a recent topical report (Lopez et al 1994).…”

Section: Condenser Operating Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced sulfur control concepts for hot gas desulfurization technology. Quarterly report, October--December 1994

Harrison¹

1995

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“…This was followed by a detailed thermodynamic analysis in which a number of candidate sorbents were evaluated using each of these concepts. Results of this phase of the study were detailed in a topical report (Lopez et al, 1994). A summary of the results is presented in Chapter 2.…”

Section: This Projectmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This was followed by thermodynamic analysis, based on free-energy minimization, to evaluate candidate sorbents for possible use with the regeneration concepts. Detailed results from this phase of the study have been presented in a topical report (Lopez et al, 1994). The results are summarized in the following.…”

Section: Chapter 2 Literature Search and Thermodynamic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advanced Sulfur Control Concepts for Hot-Gas Desulfurization Technology

López-Ortíz¹,

Harrison²,

Groves³

et al. 1998

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This research project examined the feasibility of a second generation high-temperature coal gas desulfurization process in which elemental sulfur is produced directly during the sorbent regeneration phase. Two concepts were evaluated experimentally. In the first, FeS was regenerated in a H 2 O-O 2 mixture. Large fractions of the sulfur were liberated in elemental form when the H 2 O-O 2 ratio was large. However, the mole percent of elemental sulfur in the product was always quite small (<<1%) and a process based on this concept was judged to be impractical because of the low temperature and high energy requirements associated with condensing the sulfur.The second concept involved desulfurization using CeO 2 and regeneration of the sulfided sorbent, Ce 2 O 2 S, using SO 2 to produce elemental sulfur directly. No significant side reactions were observed and the reaction was found to be quite rapid over the temperature range of 500°C to 700°C. Elemental sulfur concentrations (as S 2 ) as large as 20 mol% were produced.Limitations associated with the cerium sorbent process are concentrated in the desulfurization phase. High temperature and highly reducing coal gas such as produced in the Shell gasification process are required if high sulfur removal efficiencies are to be achieved. For example, the equilibrium H 2 S concentration at 800°C from a Shell gas in contact with CeO 2 is about 300 ppmv, well above the allowable IGCC specification. In this case, a two-stage desulfurization process using CeO 2 for bulk H 2 S removal following by a zinc sorbent polishing step would be required.Under appropriate conditions, however, CeO 2 can be reduced to non-stoichiometric CeO n (n<2) which has significantly greater affinity for H 2 S. Pre-breakthrough H 2 S concentrations in the range of 1 ppmv to 5 ppmv were measured in sulfidation tests using CeO n at 700°C in highly reducing gases, as measured by equilibrium O 2 concentration, comparable to the Shell gas.Good sorbent durability was indicated in a twenty-five-cycle test. The sorbent was exposed for 58 consecutive days to temperatures between 600°C and 800°C and gas atmospheres from highly reducing to highly oxidizing without measurable loss of sulfur capacity or reactivity.In the process analysis phase of this study, a two-stage desulfurization process using cerium sorbent with SO 2 regeneration followed by zinc sorbent with dilute O 2 regeneration was compared to a single-stage process using zinc sorbent and O 2 regeneration with SO 2 in the regeneration product gas converted to elemental sulfur using the direct sulfur recovery process (DSRP). Material and energy balances were calculated using the process simulation package PRO/II. Major process equipment was sized and a preliminary economic analysis completed. Sorbent replacement rate, which is determined by the multicycle sorbent durability, was found to be the most significant factor in both processes. For large replacement rates corresponding to average sorbent lifetimes of 250 cycles or less, the single-stage zinc sor...

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Advanced sulfur control concepts in hot-gas desulfurization technology: Phase 1, Feasibility of the direct production of elemental sulfur during the regeneration of high temperature desulfurization sorbents

Cited by 2 publications

References 8 publications

Advanced sulfur control concepts for hot gas desulfurization technology. Quarterly report, October--December 1994

Advanced sulfur control concepts for hot gas desulfurization technology. Quarterly report, October--December 1994

Advanced Sulfur Control Concepts for Hot-Gas Desulfurization Technology

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