Advanced monomer combinations for radiation grafted fuel cell membranes

Gubler, Lorenz; Slaski, Michal; Wokaun, Alexander; Scherer, Günther G.

doi:10.1016/j.elecom.2006.05.029

Cited by 49 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Optimization has focused on operating parameters such as temperature [9], composition of the cathode feed [1,2,10], catalyst loading [3] and membrane thickness [11]. Many researchers have developed new composite membranes and modified the existing materials to alter their transport properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mordenite/Nafion and analcime/Nafion composite membranes prepared by spray method for improved direct methanol fuel cell performance

Prapainainar

Kongkachuichay

et al. 2017

Applied Surface Science

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Highlight Mordenite and analcime were used as fillers in Nafion composite membranes for DMFC. The composite membranes were fabricated by spray method. Methanol permeability was reduced up to 2-3 times using the composite membranes. Mordenite/Naifon membrane showed 2 times higher DMFC performance than Nafion117. AbstractThe aim of this work was to improve proton exchange membranes (PEMs) used in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). A membrane with a high proton conductivity and low methanol permeability was required. Zeolite filler in Nafion (NF matrix) composite membranes were prepared using two types of zeolite, mordenite (MOR) and analcime (ANA). Spray method was used to prepare the composite membranes, and properties of the membranes were investigated: mechanical properties, solubility, water and methanol uptake, ion-exchange capacity (IEC), proton conductivity, methanol permeability, and DMFC performance. It was found that MOR filler showed higher performance than ANA. The MOR/Nafion composite membrane gave better properties than ANA/Nafion composite membrane, including a higher proton conductivity and a methanol permeability that was 2 -3 times lower. The highest DMFC performance (10.75 mW·cm -2 ) was obtained at 70 °C and with 2 M methanol, with a value 1.5 times higher than that of ANA/Nafion composite membrane and two times higher than that of commercial Nafion 117 (NF 117).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mordenite/Nafion and analcime/Nafion composite membranes prepared by spray method for improved direct methanol fuel cell performance

Prapainainar

Kongkachuichay

et al. 2017

Applied Surface Science

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“…Scherer et al [21] reported that the grafting of a-methyl styrene (AMS) in combination with acrylic monomer is a useful approach to develop thermally stable membranes. It was reported that the presence of a comonomer helps in the polymerization of AMS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of proton exchange membranes by radiation-induced grafting of alpha methyl styrene–butyl acrylate mixture onto polyetheretherketone (PEEK) films

Gupta¹,

Gautam

Ikram

2013

Polym. Bull.

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Radiation-induced graft copolymerization of alpha methyl styrene (AMS)-butyl acrylate (BA) mixture onto poly(etheretherketone) (PEEK) was carried out to produce copolymer films which were subsequently sulfonated to develop proton exchange membranes. The characterization of membranes was carried out with infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), contact angle and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). The presence of sulfonic acid groups within the polymer matrix was confirmed by FTIR. The crystallinity of membranes decreased significantly upon sulfonation process. The melting temperature of the membranes also decreased as compared to the virgin and the grafted films. At the same time, glass transition temperature (T g ) of membranes increased as the grafting increased. Virgin film showed stable thermogram up to *500°C while the grafted film had two-step degradation pattern. Sulfonation introduced one additional decomposition range in the membrane. Contact angle images showed the hydrophilic nature of the membrane surface. The EPMA showed the presence of the sulphur across the membrane matrix in a homogenous manner. The membranes showed low resistivity of 62 X cm for the graft level of 27 %.

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“…Other approaches include the use of substituted styrene monomers in the polymer backbone. The substitution of the styrene monomers with protected a-positions or substituted aromatic rings, e.g., m,p-methylstyrene (MeSt) [12,13], p-tert-butylstyrene (tBuSt) [12,13], a-methylstyrene (AMS) [14], and a,b,b-trifluorostyrene (TFS) [19], along with crosslinkers such as divinylbenzene (DVB) and/or bis(p,p-vinyl phenyl) ethane (BVPE), improved the oxidative stability, with only a small loss in proton conductivity. Chen et al prepared reinforced membranes using the substituted styrene monomers such as MeSt and tBuSt along with crosslinkers, DVB and BVPE, by radiation grafting and reported that these membranes have higher chemical stability than styrene-based membranes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accordingly, most studies have recently focused on the development of low-cost high-performance membranes. These studies have yielded various types of sulfonated hydrocarbon polymers such as ionomer membranes [2,3], organic/inorganic hybrid membranes [4][5][6][7][8], and reinforced membranes [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Among the various types of PEMs, reinforced membranes are prepared using porous or non-porous polymer films such as polyethylene (PE), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and poly(ethylenealt-tetrafluoroethylene) (ETFE).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of sulfonated poly(styrene-co-pyrrolidone) pore-filling membranes for fuel cell applications

2011

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Pore-filling membranes using three monomers, i.e., styrene, N-vinyl pyrrolidone (VP), and divinylbenzene (DVB), are prepared for polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) applications. A porous polyethylene (PE) film substrate is used to enhance the dimensional stability of the prepared membranes. The proton conductivity and the water uptake of the styrene/VP/DVB membranes are similar to those of the styrene/DVB membranes, even though their ion exchange capacity is slightly lesser than that of the styrene/DVB membranes. Furthermore, the thermal stability of the styrene/VP/DVB membranes is higher than that of the styrene/DVB membranes, and, for the same DVB content, the membranes containing VP exhibit better oxidative stability. VP increases the membrane's waterabsorbing ability due to its intrinsic hydrophilic property and decreases weak a-hydrogen derived from the sulfonated styrene. Finally, the membrane-electrode assembly (MEA) using the 80/10/10 (Styrene/VP/DVB in weight percentage) membrane shows better performance than that using the 90/0/10 membrane.

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Advanced monomer combinations for radiation grafted fuel cell membranes

Cited by 49 publications

References 18 publications

Mordenite/Nafion and analcime/Nafion composite membranes prepared by spray method for improved direct methanol fuel cell performance

Mordenite/Nafion and analcime/Nafion composite membranes prepared by spray method for improved direct methanol fuel cell performance

Preparation of proton exchange membranes by radiation-induced grafting of alpha methyl styrene–butyl acrylate mixture onto polyetheretherketone (PEEK) films

Characterization of sulfonated poly(styrene-co-pyrrolidone) pore-filling membranes for fuel cell applications

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