Advanced micro- and nanoscale characterization techniques for carbonaceous aerosols

Rabha, Shahadev; Saikia, Binoy K.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-816699-4.00018-9

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…The sources of atmospheric aerosols can be made by nature and human. Sea salt, desert dust and volcanic eruption are the sources of natural atmospheric aerosols while burning fossil fuel is the main way in which anthropogenic aerosols are produced (Rabha and Saikia, 2020). As fundamental elements in the atmosphere, aerosols play an important role in impacting climate.…”

Section: Atmospheric Aerosolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Change and Aerosol Sciences

Li¹

2021

Journal of Earth Sciences and Geotechnical Engineering

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Climate change is of great importance in modern times and global warming is considered as a significant part of climate change. It is proved that human’s emissions such as greenhouse gases are one of the main sources of global warming (IPCC, 2018). Apart from greenhouse gases, there is another kind of matter being released in quantity via emissions from industries and transportations and playing an important role in global warming, which is aerosol. However, atmospheric aerosols have the net effect of cooling towards global warming. In this paper, climate change with respect to global warming is briefly introduced and the role of aerosols in the atmosphere is emphasized. Besides, properties of aerosols including dynamics and thermodynamics of aerosols as well as interactions with solar radiation are concluded. In the end, environmental policies and solutions are discussed. Keywords: Climate change, Global warming, Atmospheric aerosols, Particulate matter, Radiation, Environmental policy.

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Section: Atmospheric Aerosolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Change and Aerosol Sciences

Li¹

2021

Journal of Earth Sciences and Geotechnical Engineering

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“…Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy (TOF-SIMS) is a very sensitive surface technique that allows the determination of mass (mass analyser) of trace elements at very low concentrations [ 97 , 98 ]. TOF-SIMS works on the sputtering process [ 99 , 100 ]. In principle, the pulse of primary ions beams of high energy is bombarded onto the surface of an analyte (sample).…”

Section: Structural Morphological and Thermal Characterization Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The resultant secondary ions are accelerated to the flight tube, and their mass are then measured when they reach the detector. In terms of operational modes, TOF-SIMS uses two operational modes, the static and dynamic modes [ 100 ]. In static mode, the detection limit is 10 9 atom/cm 2 , and it obtains information in a few outer monolayers [ 101 ].…”

Section: Structural Morphological and Thermal Characterization Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In static mode, the detection limit is 10 9 atom/cm 2 , and it obtains information in a few outer monolayers [ 101 ]. Whereas in the dynamic mode, high dose of ions is used, and this allows determination of elemental composition as a function of sputter depth [ 100 , 101 ]. Colas and coworkers [ 102 ] investigated the chemical rearrangement of MoS 2 under tribological conditions using TOF-SIMS, and the results obtained are presented in Figure 11 .…”

Section: Structural Morphological and Thermal Characterization Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Instrumental Techniques for Characterization of Molybdenum Disulphide Nanostructures

Ramohlola

Iwuoha

Hato

et al. 2020

Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry

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The excellent chemical and physical properties of materials (nanomaterials) with dimensions of less than 100 nm (nanometers) resulted in researchers and industrialists to have great interest in their discovery and applications in various systems/applications. As their sizes are reduced to nanoscale, these nanomaterials tend to possess exceptional properties differing from those of their bulk counterparts; hence, they have found applications in electronics and medicines. In order to apply them in those applications, there is a need to synthesise these nanomaterials and study their structural, optical, and electrochemical properties. Among several nanomaterials, molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) has received a great interest in energy applications due to its exceptional properties such as stability, conductivity, and catalytic activities. Hence, the great challenge lies in finding the state-of-the-art characterization techniques to reveal the different properties of MoS2 nanostructures with great accuracy. In this regard, there is a need to study and employ several techniques to accurately study the surface chemistry and physics of the MoS2 nanostructures. Hence, this review will comprehensively discuss a detailed literature survey on analytical techniques that can be used to study the chemical, physical, and surface properties of MoS2 nanostructures, namely, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy (TOF-SIMS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning and transmission electron microscopies (SEM and TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS/X), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and electroanalytical methods which include linear sweep (LSV) and cyclic (CV) voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).

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“…The reported percentages of total mass ranged from ~20% at continental mid-latitudes to ~90% at tropical forest areas [4,5]. One important challenge for atmospheric chemistry is to elucidate the sources, structure, chemistry, and fate of these organic atmospheric constituents, as this information is crucial for better understanding of local effects and global climate variations [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-Oxygenated Organic Compounds in Fine Particulate Matter Collected in the Western Mediterranean Area

et al. 2021

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The chemical characterization of aerosols, especially fine organic fraction, is a relevant atmospheric challenge because their composition highly depends on localization. Herein, we studied the concentration of multi-oxygenated organic compounds in the western Mediterranean area, focusing on sources and the effect of air patterns. The organic aerosol fraction ranged 3–22% of the total organic mass in particulate matter (PM)2.5. Seventy multi-oxygenated organic pollutants were identified by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, including n-alkanones, n-alcohols, anhydrosugars, monocarboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acids, and keto-derivatives. The highest concentrations were found for carboxylic acids, such as linoleic acid, tetradecanoic acid and, palmitic acid. Biomarkers for vegetation sources, such as levoglucosan and some fatty acids were detected at most locations. In addition, carboxylic acids from anthropogenic sources—mainly traffic and cooking—have been identified. The results indicate that the organic PM fraction in this region is formed mainly from biogenic pollutants, emitted directly by vegetation, and from the degradation products of anthropogenic and biogenic volatile organic pollutants. Moreover, the chemical profile suggested that this area is interesting for aerosol studies because several processes such as local costal breezes, industrial emissions, and desert intrusions affect fine PM composition.

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Advanced micro- and nanoscale characterization techniques for carbonaceous aerosols

Cited by 9 publications

References 80 publications

Climate Change and Aerosol Sciences

Climate Change and Aerosol Sciences

Instrumental Techniques for Characterization of Molybdenum Disulphide Nanostructures

Multi-Oxygenated Organic Compounds in Fine Particulate Matter Collected in the Western Mediterranean Area

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