Instrumental Techniques for Characterization of Molybdenum Disulphide Nanostructures

Abstract

The excellent chemical and physical properties of materials (nanomaterials) with dimensions of less than 100 nm (nanometers) resulted in researchers and industrialists to have great interest in their discovery and applications in various systems/applications. As their sizes are reduced to nanoscale, these nanomaterials tend to possess exceptional properties differing from those of their bulk counterparts; hence, they have found applications in electronics and medicines. In order to apply them in those applications, there is a need to synthesise these nanomaterials and study their structural, optical, and electrochemical properties. Among several nanomaterials, molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) has received a great interest in energy applications due to its exceptional properties such as stability, conductivity, and catalytic activities. Hence, the great challenge lies in finding the state-of-the-art characterization techniques to reveal the different properties of MoS2 nanostructures with great accuracy. In this regard, there is a need to study and employ several techniques to accurately study the surface chemistry and physics of the MoS2 nanostructures. Hence, this review will comprehensively discuss a detailed literature survey on analytical techniques that can be used to study the chemical, physical, and surface properties of MoS2 nanostructures, namely, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy (TOF-SIMS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning and transmission electron microscopies (SEM and TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS/X), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and electroanalytical methods which include linear sweep (LSV) and cyclic (CV) voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS).

Selective filtration of dye by tannic acid‐molybdenum disulfide composite nanofiltration membrane

“…The spacing between adjacent layers of MoS 2 is 0.62 nm, and there is weak van der Waals force between the layers 32 . The hydroxyl functional group of small molecule ascorbic acid (molecular weight 176.13 33 ) is made to interact with high‐activity sulfur bonds through heat treatment, thereby weakening the van der Waals interactions between adjacent MoS 2 layers, and forming few‐layer or single‐layer MoS 2 . The binding energy between MoS 2 layers is 0.21 eV, while the binding energy between TA and MoS 2 is as high as 75.95 eV, much higher than that between single‐molecule MoS 2 layers 34 .…”

Study of Structural, Optical and Electrical properties of Zn- doped MoS 2 Nanomaterials for their Supercapacitor Applications

“…A peak at 1395 cm -1 occurred corresponds to NH2 group [47]. The peak at 3457 cm -1 correlate to the stretching vibrations of the hydroxyl group [48]. The C-C bond of the alkynes group and the C-N bond of the nitrile group are both assigned to the region of the spectrum between 2300 and 2430 cm -1 [49].…”

“…(a) the peak at 486 and 592 cm -1 are associate to the Mo-S bond [45] and the peak at 864 cm -1 attributed to the S-S bonding [42]. The stretching vibrations occurred at 1134 cm -1 and 1647 cm -1 are due to C-O and Mo-O bonds respectively [42,46]. A peak at 1395 cm -1 occurred corresponds to NH2 group [47].…”

“…The The graph is basically plotted between transmittance (%) and wavelength (cm -1 ), with transmittance along the y-axis and wavelength along the x-axis [38]. Nearly all of the three bonds, which are characterized for MoS2 bending vibrations at ~486, ~592, ~864, and ~1647 cm -1 [39][40][41][42], are visible in both pure and doped samples, proving that the MoS2 phase was successfully formed. The position of the peaks is slightly shifted as a result of the substitution of Zn atoms in the MoS2 structure [43].…”

“…Measurements of variables like time, t, and current I charge, and E, potential are used to perform this operation. Electrochemical properties can be understood by the three major techniques which are LSV, CV, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) are three types of voltammetry [48].…”