Advanced mesoporous silica nanocarriers in cancer theranostics and gene editing applications

Activatable “Matryoshka” nanosystem delivery NgBR siRNA and control drug release for stepwise therapy and evaluate drug resistance cancer

“…Summing up the above, compared with MONC-PP only through the EPR effect, MONC-PPG can more efficiently accumulate in the tumor with the dual-action of the active targeting of the GE11 and the passively EPR effect [ 42 ]. Indicating that the MONC-PPG nanosystem can pass by the blood-tumor barrier (BTB) and deliver the cargo loaded into the target cells, minimizing unnecessary drug consumption and the off-target effect of genes.…”

“…But due to siRNA can be degraded by the enzymes in the blood and non-specific off-target side effects that may induce immune responses [ 37 ], that limits the siRNA entrance to the target cells. Mesoporous organosilica nanoparticles (MONs) are one of the most promising drug and gene delivery nanocarriers due to their structure/chemical tunability, large surface area, matrix degradation, and controllable drug release [ [38] , [39] , [40] , [41] , [42] ]. The large pore size of MONs make siRNA can not only be adsorbed on the surface but also can be co-loaded with small-sized therapeutic agents into the mesopores to achieve long-term stable release.…”

Silica-Based Nanoframeworks Involved Hepatocellular Carcinoma Theranostic

“…Scientists have summarized the advantages of MSNs as drug carriers against HCC (including therapeutic and diagnostic agents) (Tao et al, 2020). However, the attractiveness of silica-based nanomaterials is not limited to the field of drug delivery (Kumar et al, 2018;Živojević et al, 2021). Skeleton structure modification of the ordinary MSNs will confer novel characteristics for the diagnosis and treatment of HCC.…”

“…Up to now, several reviews have summarized and analyzed the nano drug-delivery systems (nDDS) developed based on MSNs, fully demonstrating the potentials of this material in oncology diagnosis and treatment (Tao et al, 2020;Gao et al, 2020;Mohamed Isa et al, 2021). However, most of these reviews summarized MSNs as multi-functional drug carriers (Paris and Vallet-Regí, 2020;Mohamed Isa et al, 2021) or stimuliresponsive delivery platforms (Li et al, 2019a;Barui and Cauda, 2020;Živojević et al, 2021) for the treatment of tumors and other diseases such as osteosarcoma (Quadros et al, 2021), breast cancer (Poonia et al, 2018), glioblastoma (Nam et al, 2018), prostate cancer (Farina et al, 2018), atherosclerosis (Sha et al, 2021) and rheumatoid arthritis (Madav et al, 2020). Few of them have noticed that the framework of silica-based nanoplatforms (SNFs) can also take a leading part in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases.…”

Mesoporous silica nanoparticle-supported nanocarriers with enhanced drug loading, encapsulation stability, and targeting efficiency

“…Since MSNs were first used for cargo loading in 2003, 5 research has been competitively committed to develop a variety of MSN-framed DDSs with different physicochemical features (e.g., size of pores and particles and surface composition) and to prove their therapeutic performance in vitro and in vivo. 3,4,[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] It is important that after nanocarriers are filled with drugs, they should stably retain the loaded drugs before reaching a target site and releasing them. In this context, research on MSN-framed drug delivery has been largely focused on synthesizing controlled release systems that can be operated under specific external stimuli, for example, pH, 17 light, 18 competitive binding, 19 enzymes, 20 redox reactions, 21 and magnetic field.…”